Introduction

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have been engineered to selectively replicate in cancer cells. While initially thought to exert its anti-cancer effects through direct cytolysis, it is increasingly appreciated that OVs interact with a multitude of cellular processes during its life cycle; FDA approved pharmacologic agents that modulate these cellular processes have been shown to augment the anti-neoplastic effects of OVs. Moreover, because of release of tumor antigens as well as the innate immuno-stimulatory nature of viruses, OVs induce potent immune responses that augment the anti-tumor effects of FDA approved immunotherapies. There is mounting interest in OV as a platform for combinational anti-cancer therapy in this context.

Areas covered

We will review pre-clinical and clinical data that demonstrate proof-of-principle and potential efficacy for OV based combination therapies with FDA approved anti-cancer agents. Expert opinion: While the cytolytic activity of OV remains a key driver for its anti-neoplastic effects, understanding the virus-host interactions may afford opportunities for potential synergism with FDA approved therapeutics that target these interactions. Most intriguingly, the immune stimulatory effects of OVs renders combination with FDA approved immunotherapies more potent. While there are growing clinical trials employing such combination therapy, meaningful advances in this paradigm will require improve understanding of virus-host interactions.

中文翻译：

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将溶瘤病毒与FDA批准的用于癌症治疗的药物结合

介绍

溶瘤病毒（OVs）已被设计为在癌细胞中选择性复制。最初人们认为通过直接细胞溶解来发挥其抗癌作用，但人们越来越认识到，OVs在其生命周期中会与许多细胞过程相互作用。FDA批准可调节这些细胞过程的药物可增强OVs的抗肿瘤作用。而且，由于释放肿瘤抗原以及病毒固有的免疫刺激特性，OVs诱导了有效的免疫反应，从而增强了FDA批准的免疫疗法的抗肿瘤作用。在这种情况下，OV作为组合抗癌治疗的平台越来越受到关注。

覆盖区域

我们将审查临床前和临床数据，这些数据将证明基于OV的联合疗法与FDA批准的抗癌药的原理验证和潜在疗效。专家意见：尽管OV的溶细胞活性仍然是其抗肿瘤作用的关键驱动力，但了解病毒与宿主的相互作用可能为与FDA批准针对这些相互作用的疗法提供潜在的协同作用。最有趣的是，OVs的免疫刺激作用使得与FDA批准的免疫疗法联合使用更为有效。尽管有越来越多的采用这种联合疗法的临床试验，但是在这种范例中有意义的进步将需要增进对病毒-宿主相互作用的理解。