Abstract The purpose of the present study was to examine the extrusion-cooking process of cereal blends with addition of hatchery waste (HW). The effect of HW addition on the physical properties and chemical composition of the extrudates was examined. The share of the HW in blends with corn meal was variable in the range of 5–30%. The study was conducted using a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder (L:D ratio 12:1, screw speed 75 rpm, die diameters 3 mm × 6 mm, profile of barrel temperature 120/140/180/180/130°C, and material moisture 28%). Increase in the content of the HW from 5 to 30% reduced the expansion ratio, pellet durability index, water absorption index, and water solubility index of the extrudates. The microstructure of the extrudates with HW addition is non-homogeneous; the areas with densely packed and adherent granules, interwoven with fibrous structures, can be observed. Increase in the share of HW leads to a lowering of the levels of crude fiber and total dietary fiber in the extrudates. Moreover, a significant increase in the content of protein, crude fat, and mineral elements such as calcium, sodium, magnesium, and iron was observed.

中文翻译：

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挤压蒸煮技术在孵化场废弃物管理中的应用

摘要 本研究的目的是研究添加孵化场废物 (HW) 的谷物混合物的挤压蒸煮过程。研究了 HW 添加对挤出物的物理性质和化学组成的影响。与玉米粉混合的 HW 份额在 5-30% 的范围内变化。该研究使用反向旋转双螺杆挤出机（L:D 比 12:1，螺杆速度 75 rpm，模具直径 3 mm × 6 mm，机筒温度曲线 120/140/180/180/130°C）进行, 和材料水分 28%)。HW 含量从 5% 增加到 30% 会降低挤出物的膨胀率、颗粒耐久性指数、吸水指数和水溶性指数。添加了 HW 的挤出物的微观结构是不均匀的；颗粒密集且附着的区域，可以观察到与纤维结构交织在一起。HW 份额的增加导致挤出物中粗纤维和总膳食纤维水平的降低。此外，观察到蛋白质、粗脂肪和矿物质元素如钙、钠、镁和铁的含量显着增加。