Abstract Diamondoids are cage-like hydrocarbon materials with unique characteristics such as low dielectric constants, negative electron affinity, large steric bulk, and electron-donating ability. They are widely used for advanced functional materials in nanocomposite science. Surface modification of diamondoids also produces functional derivatives that broaden its applications. This article provides a concise review of the fundamentals of diamondoids, including their origin and functionalization, electronic structure, optical properties, and vibrational characteristics. The recent advances of diamondoids and their derivatives in applications, such as nanocomposites and thin film coatings, are presented. The fabrication of diamondoid-based nanostructured devices, including electron emitters, catalyst sensors, and light-emitting diodes, are also reviewed. Finally, the future developments of this unique class of hydrocarbon materials in producing a novel nanostructure system using advanced nanotechnologies are discussed. This review is intended to provide a basic understanding of diamondoid properties, discuss the recent progress of its modifications and functionalization, and highlight its novel applications and future prospects.

中文翻译：

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用于制造纳米结构系统的类金刚石纳米技术

摘要 类金刚石是笼状碳氢化合物材料，具有低介电常数、负电子亲和势、大空间体积和给电子能力等独特特性。它们被广泛用于纳米复合科学中的先进功能材料。类金刚石的表面改性也产生了扩展其应用的功能性衍生物。本文简要回顾了类金刚石的基本原理，包括它们的起源和功能化、电子结构、光学特性和振动特性。介绍了类金刚石及其衍生物在纳米复合材料和薄膜涂层等应用中的最新进展。金刚石基纳米结构器件的制造，包括电子发射器、催化剂传感器和发光二极管，也被审查。最后，讨论了这种独特的碳氢化合物材料在使用先进的纳米技术生产新型纳米结构系统方面的未来发展。本综述旨在提供对类金刚石特性的基本理解，讨论其修饰和功能化的最新进展，并突出其新应用和未来前景。