Dynamic models for plants including the startup or shutdown phase are still scarce as the (dis-)appearence of phases or streams is challenging to implement. We present an approach to model a distillation column, in which these operation modes are also considered without exchanging equations. For this purpose, the well-known modeling equations for distillation columns are reformulated robustly to allow for the disappearance of the vapor phase without discontinuities. The reformulation does not depend on solving an optimization problem and could easily be applied to other column types or different unit operations. The proposed model is solved in two case studies with 10 and 40 trays, respectively. In these case studies, the influence of single phenomena on the obtained dynamic profiles is investigated, e.g., weeping, which are often neglected. The proposed modeling approach yields a dynamic model that can be solved without reinitialization for a realistically large number of trays.

包括启动或关闭阶段在内的工厂动态模型仍然很少，因为阶段或流的（消失）外观难以实施。我们提出了一种对蒸馏塔进行建模的方法，其中在不交换方程的情况下也考虑了这些操作模式。为此，对蒸馏塔的众所周知的建模方程式进行了稳健的重构，以使气相消失而没有间断。重新制定不依赖于解决优化问题，并且可以轻松地应用于其他色谱柱类型或不同的单元操作。在分别有10个和40个托盘的两个案例研究中解决了所提出的模型。在这些案例研究中，研究了单个现象对所获得的动态轮廓的影响，例如，哭泣，而这些通常经常被忽略。