Seaweed cultivation and processing industries could contribute to sustainable blue growth and the European bioeconomy. This article contributes a case study evaluation of environmental sustainability of preserved brown seaweed Saccharina latissima by means of environmental life cycle assessment of a pilot facility in Sweden. The study accounts for nutrient bioremediation and carbon capture and includes two alternative hatchery processes, a 2-ha longline cultivation, and four alternative preservation methods (hang-drying outdoors, heated air-cabinet drying, ensiling, and freezing). The study found that as a result of carbon capture and nitrogen and phosphorus uptake (bioremediation) by seaweed, more CO₂ and PO₄ equivalents are (temporarily) absorbed than emitted by the supply chain. The extent of emissions is most affected by preservation methods undertaken. Impact profiles of the supply chain show that the greatest impact shares result from freezing and air-cabinet drying, both the two most energy-intensive processes, followed by the cultivation infrastructure, highlighting strategic optimization opportunities. Hatchery processes, harvesting, and the low-energy ensilage and hang-drying outdoors were found to have relatively small impact shares. These findings presage the environmentally friendliness of seaweed-based products by documenting their potential to mitigate eutrophication and climate change, even when taking a life cycle perspective.

中文翻译：

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海带Saccharina latissima孵化场，养殖和保存的环境生命周期比较评估

海藻种植和加工业可以促进可持续的蓝色增长和欧洲生物经济。本文通过瑞典试点工厂的环境生命周期评估，对案例进行了案例评估，评估了保存的褐藻海藻Saccharina latissima的环境可持续性。这项研究说明了养分的生物修复和碳捕获，包括两个可供选择的孵化场过程，一个2公顷的延绳钓养殖和四个可供选择的保存方法（户外悬挂干燥，加热的空气柜干燥，保温和冷冻）。研究发现，由于海藻的碳捕获以及氮和磷的吸收（生物修复），更多的CO ₂和PO ₄（暂时）吸收的等价物要少于供应链排放的等价物。排放程度受所采用的保存方法影响最大。供应链的影响概况表明，影响最大的份额是冷冻和气柜干燥这两个最耗能的过程，其次是耕种基础设施，突出了战略优化的机会。孵化场的过程，收获，低能耗的青贮饲料和户外晾干的影响份额相对较小。这些发现通过记录海藻产品减轻富营养化和气候变化的潜力（甚至从生命周期角度来看），也预示了海藻类产品的环境友好性。