Abstract Bio-based building materials are composites of vegetal particles embedded in an organic or mineral matrix. Their multi-scale porous structure confers to them interesting thermal, hygroscopic and acoustic properties. These performance properties have spurred research on these materials as alternative building materials with low embodied energy. This review contains a comprehensive critical analysis of mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties of bio-based building materials with a particular focus on the interactions of various constituents and manufacturing parameters. Alkali-activated binders are reviewed for their potential use in high strength bio-based composites. A detailed physico-chemical characterisation of the aggregates and compatibility analysis allow a comprehensive understanding of fundamental phenomena affecting mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties of bio-based building materials. A wide range of biomass materials is available for building composites, and hemp shives remain the most prevalent bio-aggregate. In the context of England, the farming of industrial hemp remains limited, due in part to the long, costly licencing process and the abandonment of processing subsidy as part of the EU common agricultural policy in 2013. On the other hand, Miscanthus (elephant grass) is a perennial, low-energy, and well-established crop in the England which is gaining interest from farmers in the South West region. Its development aligns with actual agricultural, land management and environmental policies with potential to fuel innovative industrial applications. This review performs a critical assessment of the performance of bio-based materials in an attempt to identify potential frameworks and opportunities to develop building insulating materials from miscanthus.

中文翻译：

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生物聚集体——石灰和碱活化绝缘复合材料的机械、热、吸湿和声学特性：对芒草作为英格兰西南部创新资源的现状和前景的回顾

摘要 生物基建筑材料是嵌入有机或矿物基质中的植物颗粒的复合材料。它们的多尺度多孔结构赋予它们有趣的热、吸湿和声学特性。这些性能特性激发了对这些材料作为具有低隐含能量的替代建筑材料的研究。该评论包含对生物基建筑材料的机械、热和声学特性的全面批判性分析，特别关注各种成分和制造参数的相互作用。评估了碱活化粘合剂在高强度生物基复合材料中的潜在用途。对骨料进行详细的物理化学表征和相容性分析，可以全面了解影响生物基建筑材料的机械、热和声学特性的基本现象。多种生物质材料可用于构建复合材料，而大麻碎屑仍然是最普遍的生物聚集体。在英格兰的背景下，工业大麻的种植仍然有限，部分原因是漫长而昂贵的许可过程以及作为 2013 年欧盟共同农业政策一部分的加工补贴的放弃。 另一方面，芒草（象草） ) 是英格兰的一种多年生、低能耗且成熟的作物，引起了西南地区农民的兴趣。其发展与实际农业、具有推动创新工业应用潜力的土地管理和环境政策。这篇综述对生物基材料的性能进行了批判性评估，试图确定用芒草开发建筑绝缘材料的潜在框架和机会。