Regimens of current drugs for tuberculosis are lengthy and are associated with many adverse effects. Currently, the emergence of different resistant strains has been observed. This urges a need for the discovery and development of novel drugs. The main sources of drug lead candidates are based on natural products. Zanthoxylum leprieurii, Lantana camara, and Cryptolepis Sanguinolenta are among the plants that have antimycobacterial activity. Recent technological methods, such as metabolomics, can rapidly detect and identify active compounds from medicinal plants. In this review, we aim to provide an overview and discussion of the antimycobacterial activity, phytochemical analysis and toxicity profile of these plants and their products as well as the potential of metabolomic fingerprinting of medicinal plants with a given activity on microbes, in the search for the potential drug hit molecules. The information for this review was extracted from databases such as Excerpta Medica Database, Google Scholar, Springer, and PubMed Central. Primary studies, using a combination of the keywords antimycobacterial medicinal plant, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, phytochemistry, toxicity, Zanthoxylum leprieurii, Lantana camara, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, and plant metabolomics/metabolic fingerprinting of plant extracts, have been considered. The above-mentioned plant species showed antimycobacterial activity against drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. They may provide potential candidates for novel drugs against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. However, extensive work is still needed. To our knowledge, there is no or limited literature that reports the metabolic fingerprints of these plants. The analysis of the metabolite fingerprints of medicinal plants with similar antimicrobial activity could be important to determine whether the activity results from common metabolites within different plant species. This review shows that these plants are potential candidates to provide drug hits against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis strains. Future studies of compound optimization, in vivo safety and efficacy, as well as of the specific mechanisms of action are however required.

中文翻译：

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三种有前途的抗分枝杆菌药用植物被审查为抗多重耐药结核病候选药物的潜在来源

目前治疗肺结核的药物的疗程很长，并且与许多不良反应有关。目前，已经观察到不同抗性菌株的出现。这迫切需要发现和开发新药。候选药物的主要来源基于天然产物。Zanthoxylum leprieurii、Lantana camara 和 Cryptolepis Sanguinolenta 属于具有抗分枝杆菌活性的植物。最近的技术方法，如代谢组学，可以快速检测和鉴定药用植物中的活性化合物。在这篇综述中，我们旨在概述和讨论这些植物及其产品的抗分枝杆菌活性、植物化学分析和毒性特征，以及对微生物具有特定活性的药用植物的代谢组学指纹图谱的潜力，在寻找潜在的药物命中分子。本综述的信息是从 Excerpta Medica Database、Google Scholar、Springer 和 PubMed Central 等数据库中提取的。初步研究结合了关键词抗分枝杆菌药用植物、耐多药结核病、植物化学、毒性、花椒、马缨丹、Cryptolepis sanguinolenta 和植物提取物的植物代谢组学/代谢指纹图谱。上述植物物种对结核分枝杆菌的耐药菌株显示出抗分枝杆菌活性。它们可能为针对耐多药结核病的新型药物提供潜在的候选药物。然而，仍然需要大量的工作。据我们所知，没有或有限的文献报道这些植物的代谢指纹。分析具有相似抗菌活性的药用植物的代谢物指纹对于确定活性是否来自不同植物物种中的常见代谢物很重要。该综述表明，这些植物是提供针对耐多药结核病菌株的药物命中的潜在候选者。然而，未来需要对化合物优化、体内安全性和有效性以及特定作用机制进行研究。该综述表明，这些植物是提供针对耐多药结核病菌株的药物命中的潜在候选者。然而，未来需要对化合物优化、体内安全性和有效性以及特定作用机制进行研究。该综述表明，这些植物是提供针对耐多药结核病菌株的药物命中的潜在候选者。然而，未来需要对化合物优化、体内安全性和有效性以及特定作用机制进行研究。