Covalent organic frameworks (COF) are a class of crystalline porous polymer that enables the covalent integration of organic units into periodically ordered skeletons and aligned polygonal pores. This structural feature sets a new polymer platform that enables the design of not only structures but also functions. Especially, primary- and high-order structures of COFs are fully pre-designable and synthetically controllable, offering a new diagram of chemistry in designing functional materials. Progress in chemistry and materials science over the past 15 years has greatly enhanced our capability of molecular design and functional exploration to develop a fascinating picture of this new class of polymers. In this review, we survey recent advances of polymer chemistry that enable covalent organic frameworks with unique structural design, synthetic control, and functional development. We summarize the most recent advances in the design of polygonal topologies, outline polymerization reactions to synthesize diverse types of polymers, and scrutinize unique functions to illuminate the structural origins of the most promising applications including catalysis, adsorption, molecular separation, mass transport, and energy storage. Moreover, we propose the key fundamental issues to be addressed and show future directions from the perspectives of chemistry and polymer science.

共价有机骨架（COF）是一类结晶多孔聚合物，能够将有机单元共价整合到周期性排列的骨架和对齐的多边形孔中。该结构特征设置了一个新的聚合物平台，该平台不仅可以设计结构，还可以设计功能。特别是，COF的一级和高级结构是完全可以预先设计的，并且可以综合控制，从而为功能材料的设计提供了新的化学原理图。在过去的15年中，化学和材料科学领域的进步极大地增强了我们进行分子设计和功能探索的能力，以绘制出这种新型聚合物的迷人图画。在这篇评论中，我们调查了聚合物化学的最新进展，这些进展使共价有机骨架具有独特的结构设计，综合控制和功能开发。我们总结了多边形拓扑设计的最新进展，概述了聚合反应以合成各种类型的聚合物，并仔细研究了独特的功能以阐明最有希望的应用的结构起源，包括催化，吸附，分子分离，质量传输和能量存储。此外，我们提出了要解决的关键基本问题，并从化学和高分子科学的角度展示了未来的发展方向。分子分离，质量传输和能量存储。此外，我们提出了要解决的关键基本问题，并从化学和高分子科学的角度展示了未来的发展方向。分子分离，质量传输和能量存储。此外，我们提出了要解决的关键基本问题，并从化学和高分子科学的角度展示了未来的发展方向。