Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a form of chronic liver disease that occurs in individuals with no significant alcohol abuse, has become an increasing concern for global health. NAFLD is defined as the presence of lipid deposits in hepatocytes and it ranges from hepatic steatosis (fatty liver) to steatohepatitis. Emerging data from both preclinical studies and clinical trials suggest that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ plays an important role in the control of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in liver, and its activation might hinder the progression of NAFLD. Here, we review the latest information on the effects of PPARβ/δ on NAFLD, including its capacity to reduce lipogenesis, to alleviate inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress, to ameliorate insulin resistance, and to attenuate liver injury. Because of these effects, activation of hepatic PPARβ/δ through synthetic or natural ligands provides a promising therapeutic option for the management of NAFLD.

非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是一种慢性肝病，它发生在没有严重酗酒的个体中，已成为全球健康日益关注的问题。NAFLD被定义为肝细胞中脂质沉积的存在，其范围从肝脂肪变性（脂肪肝）到脂肪性肝炎。临床前研究和临床试验的最新数据表明，过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）β/δ在控制肝脏中的碳水化合物和脂质代谢及其激活中起着重要作用。可能会阻碍NAFLD的发展。在这里，我们回顾了有关PPARβ/δ对NAFLD影响的最新信息，包括其减少脂肪生成，减轻炎症和内质网应激，改善胰岛素抵抗以及减轻肝脏损伤的能力。由于这些作用，通过合成或天然配体活化肝PPARβ/δ为NAFLD的治疗提供了有希望的治疗选择。