Silk fibroin (SF) is derived from Bombyx mori silkworm cocoons and has been used in textiles and as a suture material for decades. More recently, SF has been used for various new biomedical applications, including as a wound dressing, owing to its excellent biological and mechanical properties. Specifically, the mechanical stiffness, versatility, biocompatibility, biodegradability, water vapour permeability and slight bactericidal properties make SF an excellent candidate biomaterial for wound dressing applications. The effectiveness of SF as a wound dressing has been tested and well-documented in vitro as well as in-vivo, as described here. Dressings based on SF are currently used for treating a wide variety of chronic and acute (e.g. burn) wounds. SF and its derivatives prepared as biomaterials are available as sponges, hydrogels, nanofibrous matrices, scaffolds, micro/nanoparticles, and films. The present review discusses the potential role of SF in wound dressing and its modulation for wound dressing applications. The comparison of SF based dressings with other natural polymers understands the readers, the scope and limitation of the subject in-depth.

丝素蛋白 (SF) 源自家蚕茧，数十年来一直用于纺织品和缝合材料。最近，由于其优异的生物和机械性能，SF 已被用于各种新的生物医学应用，包括作为伤口敷料。具体而言，SF 的机械刚度、多功能性、生物相容性、生物可降解性、水蒸气渗透性和轻微的杀菌特性使 SF 成为伤口敷料应用的绝佳候选生物材料。SF 作为伤口敷料的有效性已经在体外和体内进行了测试和详细记录，如此处所述。基于SF的敷料目前用于治疗多种慢性和急性（例如烧伤）伤口。SF 及其衍生物制备为生物材料，可作为海绵、水凝胶、纳米纤维基质、支架、微米/纳米颗粒和薄膜。本综述讨论了 SF 在伤口敷料中的潜在作用及其对伤口敷料应用的调节。SF 敷料与其他天然聚合物的比较可以让读者深入了解该主题的范围和局限性。