Rainwater quality is of utmost importance as it can be used to predict atmospheric quality which of course governs, to some extent, the health of the ecosystem. In this regard, the research reported here was to study chemical characteristics of precipitation in Kelaniya, Gampaha District, one of the most populated and most urbanized districts in Sri Lanka. This study was conducted during the period from 2012 to 2014, and wet precipitation was analyzed for pH, conductivity, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, F−, Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, Pb, Cu, Mn, Al, Zn, and Fe for a total of seventy-eight (78) samples. Volume-weighted average concentrations of the major ionic species present in precipitation samples were in the order of Na+ > Ca2+ > Cl− > SO42− > NH4+ > Mg2+ > NO3− > K+ > F−. Neutralization of the acidic species would take place due to the presence of NH4+ and CaCO3. When considering marine contribution, SO42−/Na+, Ca2+/Na+, and Mg2+/Na+ ratios are higher than the reference value suggesting that contribution of sources be possible other than marine. Among metallic constituents, the concentration of Al is the highest while that of Mn is the lowest. Significant correlation is observed among certain ions and elements (Ca2+, SO42−, Mg2+, Al, Cu, Fe, Zn, and H+) which indicates their source of origin and chemical interaction. This study reveals that chemical composition of rain water depends on both anthropogenic activities and natural phenomena.

中文翻译：

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斯里兰卡凯拉尼亚湿降水中雨水化学成分的来源解析

雨水质量至关重要，因为它可用于预测大气质量，这当然在某种程度上决定了生态系统的健康。在这方面，这里报告的研究是研究斯里兰卡人口最多、城市化程度最高的地区之一甘帕哈区凯拉尼亚的降水化学特征。这项研究是在 2012 年至 2014 年期间进行的，分析了湿沉淀的 pH、电导率、Na+、NH4+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、F-、Cl-、NO3-、SO42-、Pb、Cu、Mn、总共七十八 (78) 个样品的 Al、Zn 和 Fe。沉淀样品中存在的主要离子物质的体积加权平均浓度的顺序为 Na+ > Ca2+ > Cl− > SO42− > NH4+ > Mg2+ > NO3− > K+ > F−。由于 NH4+ 和 CaCO3 的存在，酸性物质会被中和。在考虑海洋贡献时，SO42-/Na+、Ca2+/Na+ 和 Mg2+/Na+ 比值高于参考值，表明可能存在海洋以外的其他来源。在金属成分中，Al的浓度最高，Mn的浓度最低。在某些离子和元素（Ca2+、SO42-、Mg2+、Al、Cu、Fe、Zn 和 H+）之间观察到显着的相关性，这表明它们的来源和化学相互作用。这项研究表明，雨水的化学成分取决于人为活动和自然现象。和 Mg2+/Na+ 比值高于参考值，表明可能存在海洋以外的其他来源。在金属成分中，Al的浓度最高，Mn的浓度最低。在某些离子和元素（Ca2+、SO42-、Mg2+、Al、Cu、Fe、Zn 和 H+）之间观察到显着的相关性，这表明它们的来源和化学相互作用。这项研究表明，雨水的化学成分取决于人为活动和自然现象。和 Mg2+/Na+ 比值高于参考值，表明可能存在海洋以外的其他来源。在金属成分中，Al的浓度最高，Mn的浓度最低。在某些离子和元素（Ca2+、SO42-、Mg2+、Al、Cu、Fe、Zn 和 H+）之间观察到显着的相关性，这表明它们的来源和化学相互作用。这项研究表明，雨水的化学成分取决于人为活动和自然现象。