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A critical role of hippocampus for formation of remote cued fear memory.
Molecular Brain ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-15 , DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00652-y
Jung-Pyo Oh 1, 2 , Jin-Hee Han 1, 2
Affiliation  

A unique feature of fear memory is its persistence that is highly relevant to fear and anxiety-related mental disorders. Recurrent reactivation of neural representations acquired from a traumatic event is thought to contribute to the indelibility of fear memory. Given a well-established role of hippocampus for memory reactivation, hippocampus is likely involved in consolidation process of fear memory. However, evidence suggests that formation of fear memory to a discrete sensory cue is hippocampus-independent. Here, using a pharmacological reversible inactivation of dorsal hippocampus in auditory cued fear conditioning by local infusion of muscimol, we demonstrate in mice that hippocampus is critical for remote memory formation of learned fear to the discrete sensory cue. Muscimol infusion before conditioning did not affect formation of recent auditory fear memory as previously reported. Same muscimol infusion, however, impaired remote auditory fear memory. Muscimol infusion before remote test of auditory fear memory did not affect memory retrieval, indicating hippocampus is not a brain site for storage of remote cued fear memory. Moreover, memory reactivation enforced by re-exposure to the conditioned tone could compensate for hippocampal inactivation, as memory-reactivated mice showed normal remote auditory fear memory despite hippocampal inactivation. Our findings support that hippocampus may have a general role for consolidation of remote associative memory through reactivation of memory trace, giving an insight into how learned fear persists over time.

中文翻译:

海马在形成远程提示的恐惧记忆中起关键作用。

恐惧记忆的独特之处在于其持久性与恐惧和焦虑相关的精神障碍高度相关。从创伤事件中获得的神经表征的再激活被认为有助于恐惧记忆的不可磨灭性。考虑到海马在记忆激活中已确立的作用,海马可能参与恐惧记忆的巩固过程。但是,有证据表明,对离散的感觉提示的恐惧记忆形成与海马无关。在这里,在通过局部输注麝香酚进行听觉提示的恐惧条件调节中,使用海马的药理学可逆性失活,我们在小鼠中证明了海马对于离散的感觉提示的学习恐惧的远程记忆形成至关重要。如先前报道的那样,在调理之前注入麝香酚不会影响最近听觉恐惧记忆的形成。但是,相同的麝香酚输注会损害远程听觉恐惧记忆。远程测试听觉恐惧记忆之前注入的麝香酚并没有影响记忆的恢复,表明海马不是储存远程暗示恐惧记忆的大脑部位。此外,通过重新暴露于条件音来强制记忆恢复可以补偿海马失活,因为尽管海马失活,但记忆恢复小鼠仍表现出正常的远程听觉恐惧记忆。我们的研究结果表明,海马可能通过重新激活记忆轨迹,在巩固远程联想记忆中起一般作用,从而洞悉学习到的恐惧如何随着时间而持续。但是,相同的麝香酚输注会损害远程听觉恐惧记忆。远程测试听觉恐惧记忆之前注入的麝香酚并没有影响记忆的恢复,表明海马不是储存远程暗示恐惧记忆的大脑部位。此外,通过重新暴露于条件音来强制记忆恢复可以补偿海马失活,因为尽管海马失活,但记忆恢复小鼠仍表现出正常的远程听觉恐惧记忆。我们的研究结果表明,海马可能通过重新激活记忆轨迹,在巩固远程联想记忆中起一般作用,从而洞悉学习到的恐惧如何随着时间而持续。但是,相同的麝香酚输注会损害远程听觉恐惧记忆。远程测试听觉恐惧记忆之前注入的麝香酚并没有影响记忆的恢复,表明海马不是储存远程暗示恐惧记忆的大脑部位。此外,通过重新暴露于条件音来强制记忆恢复可以补偿海马失活,因为尽管海马失活,但记忆恢复小鼠仍表现出正常的远程听觉恐惧记忆。我们的研究结果表明,海马可能通过重新激活记忆轨迹,在巩固远程联想记忆中起一般作用,从而洞悉学习到的恐惧如何随着时间而持续。表明海马不是储存远程暗示恐惧记忆的大脑部位。此外,通过重新暴露于条件音来强制记忆恢复可以补偿海马失活,因为尽管海马失活,但记忆恢复小鼠仍表现出正常的远程听觉恐惧记忆。我们的研究结果表明,海马可能通过重新激活记忆轨迹,在巩固远程联想记忆中起一般作用,从而洞悉学习到的恐惧如何随着时间而持续。表明海马不是储存远程暗示恐惧记忆的大脑部位。此外,通过重新暴露于条件音来强制记忆恢复可以补偿海马失活,因为尽管海马失活,但记忆恢复小鼠仍表现出正常的远程听觉恐惧记忆。我们的研究结果表明,海马可能通过重新激活记忆轨迹,在巩固远程联想记忆中起一般作用,从而洞悉学习到的恐惧如何随着时间而持续。
更新日期:2020-08-15
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