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Beyond corticosterone: The acute stress response increases DNA damage in house sparrows.
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-15 , DOI: 10.1002/jez.2405 Brenna M G Gormally 1 , Rodolfo Estrada 1 , Mitch McVey 1 , L Michael Romero 1
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-15 , DOI: 10.1002/jez.2405 Brenna M G Gormally 1 , Rodolfo Estrada 1 , Mitch McVey 1 , L Michael Romero 1
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Although corticosterone (Cort) has been the predominant metric used to assess acute stress in birds, it does not always accurately reflect how an animal copes with a stressor. Downstream measurements may be more reliable. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that acute increases in DNA damage could be used to assess stressor exposure. Studies have shown DNA damage increases in response to stress‐related hormones in vitro; however, this has not yet been thoroughly applied in wild animals. We exposed house sparrows (Passer domesticus) to a 30‐ or 120‐min restraint stressor and took blood samples at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min to measure Cort, DNA damage, and uric acid. Both treatments increased DNA damage and Cort, and decreased uric acid. It thus appears that DNA damage can reflect acute stressor exposure. To improve the usability of DNA damage as a metric for stress, we also tested the impacts of sample storage on DNA damage. Leaving red blood cells on ice for up to 24 hr, only slightly influenced DNA damage. Freezing blood samples for 1–4 weeks substantially increased DNA damage. These findings emphasize the importance of reducing variation between samples by assaying them together whenever possible. Overall, these results indicate that assessing DNA damage is a valid method of assessing acute stressor exposure that is suitable for both laboratory‐ and field‐based studies; however, additional research is needed on the molecular dynamics of nucleated red blood cells, including whether and how their DNA is repaired.
中文翻译：
皮质酮以外：急性应激反应会增加麻雀的DNA损伤。
尽管皮质酮（Cort）是评估鸟类急性应激的主要指标，但它并不总是能准确反映出动物如何应对应激源。下游测量可能更可靠。在当前的研究中，我们检验了DNA损伤的急性增加可用于评估应激源暴露的假说。研究表明，体外对应激相关激素的反应，DNA损伤会增加。但是，这尚未在野生动物中彻底应用。我们暴露了麻雀（Passer domesticus）置于30或120分钟的约束压力源上，并在0、30、60和120分钟时采集血样以测量Cort，DNA损伤和尿酸。两种治疗均增加了DNA损伤和Cort，并降低了尿酸。因此，DNA损伤似乎可以反映急性应激源暴露。为了提高DNA损伤作为压力指标的可用性，我们还测试了样品存储对DNA损伤的影响。将红细胞在冰上放置长达24小时，对DNA损伤的影响很小。将血液样本冷冻1-4周会大大增加DNA损伤。这些发现强调了通过尽可能地一起分析样品来减少样品之间差异的重要性。总体而言，这些结果表明评估DNA损伤是评估急性应激源暴露的有效方法，适用于实验室研究和野外研究。
更新日期：2020-08-15
中文翻译：
皮质酮以外：急性应激反应会增加麻雀的DNA损伤。
尽管皮质酮（Cort）是评估鸟类急性应激的主要指标，但它并不总是能准确反映出动物如何应对应激源。下游测量可能更可靠。在当前的研究中，我们检验了DNA损伤的急性增加可用于评估应激源暴露的假说。研究表明，体外对应激相关激素的反应，DNA损伤会增加。但是，这尚未在野生动物中彻底应用。我们暴露了麻雀（Passer domesticus）置于30或120分钟的约束压力源上，并在0、30、60和120分钟时采集血样以测量Cort，DNA损伤和尿酸。两种治疗均增加了DNA损伤和Cort，并降低了尿酸。因此，DNA损伤似乎可以反映急性应激源暴露。为了提高DNA损伤作为压力指标的可用性，我们还测试了样品存储对DNA损伤的影响。将红细胞在冰上放置长达24小时，对DNA损伤的影响很小。将血液样本冷冻1-4周会大大增加DNA损伤。这些发现强调了通过尽可能地一起分析样品来减少样品之间差异的重要性。总体而言，这些结果表明评估DNA损伤是评估急性应激源暴露的有效方法，适用于实验室研究和野外研究。
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