Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy activates tumor-killing T-cells by releasing the brake of anti-tumor immunity. It has been approved as first- or second-line therapy in many cancer types. Unfortunately, a majority of immune checkpoint inhibitor recipients are refractory to the therapy. Recent investigations of the peripheral blood and tumor microenvironment of cancer patients indicate that high neutrophil content is associated with poor response rates, suggesting an opportunity for synergistic therapy. In the current review, we discuss the mechanisms of neutrophil-mediated immunosuppression in cancer and recent findings suggesting that neutrophil antagonism will improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

免疫检查点抑制剂疗法通过释放抗肿瘤免疫的刹车来激活肿瘤杀伤 T 细胞。它已被批准作为许多癌症类型的一线或二线疗法。不幸的是，大多数免疫检查点抑制剂接受者对该疗法无效。最近对癌症患者外周血和肿瘤微环境的研究表明，中性粒细胞含量高与反应率低有关，这表明协同治疗有机会。在当前的综述中，我们讨论了中性粒细胞介导的免疫抑制在癌症中的机制，以及最近的研究结果表明，中性粒细胞的拮抗作用将提高免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的疗效。