OBJECTIVE To examine the aetiology of parkinsonian camptocormia, a non-fixed pathological forward bending of the trunk, by measuring trunk muscle activation and force regulation in Parkinson patients with (PD + CC) and without (PD) camptocormia matched for disease severity, and in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). METHODS The isometric forces of trunk extension and flexion were measured in PD + CC, PD and HC. Neuromuscular efficiency (increase of extension force per increase of paravertebral muscle surface electromyography signal) and the ability to maintain a constant submaximal trunk extension force were examined. RESULTS Peak trunk extension force was significantly lower in PD + CC and PD than in HC, with PD + CC non-significantly weaker than PD. Compared with HC and with PD, the neuromuscular efficiency of trunk extension was significantly reduced in PD + CC. The variability of the force output (coefficient of variation) was significantly larger for PD + CC than for HC or PD. CONCLUSION The reduced neuromuscular efficiency of trunk extension separates PD + CC from PD. Moreover, control of the trunk extensor force is impaired in PD + CC. SIGNIFICANCE There is weakness and a force control deficit in parkinsonian camptocormia suggesting a disturbed sensory-motor integration, which may contribute to myopathic changes in the trunk extensor muscles.

中文翻译：

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帕金森病伴垂头肌躯干伸展不足和肌肉力量控制受损

目的 通过测量患有（PD + CC）和不患有（PD）与疾病严重程度相匹配的帕金森病患者的躯干肌肉激活和力量调节，来检查帕金森氏症的病因学，即躯干的非固定病理性向前弯曲。年龄和性别匹配的健康对照 (HC)。方法在PD+CC、PD和HC中测量躯干伸展和屈曲的等长力。检查了神经肌肉效率（随着椎旁肌肉表面肌电信号的增加，伸展力的增加）和维持恒定的次最大躯干伸展力的能力。结果 PD + CC 和 PD 的峰值躯干伸展力显着低于 HC，PD + CC 不显着弱于 PD。与HC和PD相比，PD + CC 中躯干伸展的神经肌肉效率显着降低。PD + CC 的力输出（变异系数）的可变性明显大于 HC 或 PD。结论 躯干伸展的神经肌肉效率降低将 PD + CC 与 PD 分开。此外，躯干伸肌力的控制在 PD + CC 中受损。意义 帕金森病性垂头肌无力和力量控制缺陷表明感觉-运动整合紊乱，这可能导致躯干伸肌的肌病变化。PD + CC 患者躯干伸肌力的控制受损。意义 帕金森病性垂头肌无力和力量控制缺陷表明感觉-运动整合紊乱，这可能导致躯干伸肌的肌病变化。PD + CC 患者躯干伸肌力的控制受损。意义 帕金森病性垂头肌无力和力量控制缺陷表明感觉-运动整合紊乱，这可能导致躯干伸肌的肌病变化。