Three wild edible plant species belonging to the Asteraceae family, Crepis vesicaria L. (s.l.), Sonchus asper (L.) Hill s.l., and Sonchus oleraceus L., usually consumed in the Mediterranean diet, were tested for their nutritional composition and content of carotenoids, tocols, thiamine and riboflavin. Low amounts of thiamine and riboflavin were found. All species were sources of xanthophylls (violaxanthin, neoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin) and carotenes (α-carotene, β-carotene, 9-cis-β-carotene and 13-cis-β-carotene). Lutein accounted for the highest content (about 4 mg/100 g). They had good tocol amounts, in particular α-tocopherol (about 2–3 mg/100 g). Taking into account the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) established by the EU Regulation, the analyzed plants can be declared as a source of fiber, vitamin A and E. These data could be useful for database on the nutritional and bioactive compound profile of studied plants and can contribute in promoting their use in functional foods.

中文翻译：

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地中海饮食中食用的野生菊科食用植物中的生物活性化合物

对通常在地中海饮食中食用的三种菊科野生食用植物品种 Crepis vesicaria L. (sl)、Sonchus asper (L.) Hill sl 和 Sonchus oleraceus L. 进行了营养成分和含量测试。类胡萝卜素、生育酚、硫胺素和核黄素。发现了少量的硫胺素和核黄素。所有物种都是叶黄素（紫黄质、新黄质、叶黄素、玉米黄质和 β-隐黄质）和胡萝卜素（α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、9-顺-β-胡萝卜素和 13-顺-β-胡萝卜素）的来源。叶黄素的含量最高（约4毫克/100克）。它们具有良好的母育酚含量，尤其是 α-生育酚（约 2-3 毫克/100 克）。考虑到欧盟法规制定的推荐每日允许量 (RDA)，分析的植物可以被声明为纤维、维生素 A 和 E 的来源。