Recently, exploring appropriate anode materials for current commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with suitable operating potential and long cycle life has attracted extensive attention. Herein, a novel anode of Bi nanoparticles fully encapsulated in carbon nanosphere framework with uniform yolk–shell nanostructure was prepared via a facile hydrothermal method. Due to the special structure design, this anode of yolk–shell Bi@C can effectively moderate the volume exchange, avoid the aggregation of active Bi nanoparticle and provide superior kinetic during discharge/charge process. Cycling in the voltage of 0.01–2.0 V, yolk–shell Bi@C anode exhibits outstanding Li⁺ storage performance (a reversible capacity over 200 mAh g⁻¹ after 400 cycles at 1.25 A g⁻¹) and excellent rate capability (a capacity of 404, 347, 304, 275, 240, 199 and 163 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.8 and 3.2 A g⁻¹, respectively). This work indicates that rational design of nanostructured anode materials is highly applicable for the next-generation LIBs.

近来，探索用于当前商业锂离子电池（LIB）的具有合适的工作电势和长循环寿命的合适的阳极材料已经引起了广泛的关注。在此，通过一种简便的水热法制备了一种新型的Bi纳米颗粒的阳极，该纳米颗粒完全包裹在具有均匀卵黄壳纳米结构的碳纳米球框架中。由于特殊的结构设计，该蛋黄壳Bi @ C阳极可以有效地调节体积交换，避免活性Bi纳米粒子聚集，并在放电/充电过程中提供出色的动力学性能。在0.01〜2.0 V的电压循环，蛋黄-壳毕@ -C阳极呈现突出的锂⁺存储性能（可逆容量超过200毫安克^-1 1.25 A G 400次循环后^-1）和出色的速率能力（在0.05、0.1、0.25、0.5、1.0、1.8和3.2 A g ^-1时的容量分别为404、347、304、275、240、199和163 mAh g ^-1）。这项工作表明，纳米结构阳极材料的合理设计非常适用于下一代LIB。