Excessive white fat accumulation in humans and other animals is associated with the development of multiple metabolic diseases. It is unknown whether dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces lipid deposition in high fat diet-fed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In the present study, we found that dietary supplementation with 1% or 2% arginine decreased the deposition and concentration of fats in the liver; the concentrations of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein in the serum; and the diameter of adipocytes in intraperitoneal adipose tissue. Compared with the un-supplementation control group, the hepatic activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase, and hepatic concentration of malondialdehyde were reduced but these for catalase and superoxide dismutase were enhanced by dietary supplementation with 2% arginine. Arginine supplementation reduced the total amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids, while increasing the total amounts of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the liver. These effects of arginine were associated with reductions in mRNA levels for genes related to lipogenesis (sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase α, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and fatty acid synthase) but increases in mRNA levels for genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α). In addition, hepatic mRNA levels for Δ4 fatty acyl desaturase 2 and elongase 5 of very long-chain fatty acids were enhanced by arginine supplementation. These results revealed that dietary L-arginine supplementation to tilapia reduced high fat diet-induced fat deposition and fatty acid composition in the liver by regulating the expression of genes for lipid metabolism.

中文翻译：

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日粮补充 L-精氨酸可通过调节尼罗罗非鱼 (Oreochromis niloticus) 的脂肪酸代谢来减少脂质堆积。


人类和其他动物体内过多的白色脂肪积累与多种代谢疾病的发生有关。目前尚不清楚饮食中添加 L-精氨酸是否会减少高脂肪饮食喂养的尼罗罗非鱼 (Oreochromis niloticus) 中的脂质沉积。在本研究中，我们发现膳食中补充1%或2%精氨酸可以减少肝脏中脂肪的沉积和浓度；血清中甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白的浓度；以及腹膜内脂肪组织中脂肪细胞的直径。与未补充对照组相比，膳食补充2%精氨酸后，肝脏丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶的活性以及丙二醛的肝脏浓度降低，但过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性增强。补充精氨酸减少了肝脏中单不饱和脂肪酸的总量，同时增加了 n-3 和 n-6 多不饱和脂肪酸的总量。精氨酸的这些作用与脂肪生成相关基因（甾醇调节元件结合蛋白-1、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶和脂肪酸合酶）的mRNA水平降低有关，但相关基因的mRNA水平增加脂肪酸 β-氧化（肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶 1α 和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 α）。此外，补充精氨酸可增强 Δ4 脂肪酰基去饱和酶 2 和极长链脂肪酸延长酶 5 的肝脏 mRNA 水平。 这些结果表明，罗非鱼膳食中添加L-精氨酸通过调节脂质代谢基因的表达，减少了高脂饮食诱导的肝脏脂肪沉积和脂肪酸组成。