Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries in electric vehicles are exposed to high slew rate currents originating from the power electronics. Modern gallium nitride and silicon carbide-based power converters generate high switching frequencies, which propagate toward the battery. To predict the battery's impact on conducted emissions, we need to determine the battery's behavior over a high-frequency bandwidth. Traditional battery characterization techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy focus on frequencies below 10 kHz. This article proposes a novel method to characterize the battery beyond typical EIS frequencies. Developing a novel fixture to mount a single battery and applying proper de-embedding techniques enable a cell characterization from 1 kHz up to frequencies as high as 300 MHz using the 2-port shunt-through vector network analyzer (VNA) method. The cell's HF impedance originates from several loss processes such as skin effect, ionic shunt effect, and simple ohmic-inductive effects. First in literature, all these effects are measured and summarized in an equivalent electrical circuit model, which predicts the cell's impact on HF current pulses.

中文翻译：

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用于时域仿真的基于物理的圆柱形锂离子电池高频模型


电动汽车中的锂离子 (Li-ion) 电池暴露在来自电力电子设备的高转换率电流下。现代基于氮化镓和碳化硅的电源转换器产生高开关频率，该频率向电池传播。为了预测电池对传导发射的影响，我们需要确定电池在高频带宽上的行为。电化学阻抗谱等传统电池表征技术侧重于 10 kHz 以下的频率。本文提出了一种在典型 EIS 频率之外表征电池的新方法。开发一种新颖的固定装置来安装单个电池并应用适当的去嵌入技术，可以使用 2 端口并联矢量网络分析仪 (VNA) 方法对从 1 kHz 到高达 300 MHz 的频率进行电池表征。电池的高频阻抗源自多种损耗过程，例如集肤效应、离子分流效应和简单的欧姆感应效应。首先在文献中，所有这些影响都在等效电路模型中进行了测量和总结，该模型预测了电池对高频电流脉冲的影响。