Dynamic analysis of in-orbit satellites is of interest for space situation applications. Some exploratory methods have been presented to analyze the state of attitude-steadied satellites in the complex space situation, but effectively estimating the dynamic parameters of spinning satellites remains a significant and interesting challenge nowadays. With decoupling target spin estimation from its trajectory motion, this paper proposes a novel dynamic estimation approach by using multiple-station inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images. In brief, quadratic phase characteristic, which is usually regarded as a negative factor for ISAR imagery in conventional algorithms, is now directly exploited to build an explicit expression of the relative motion between the spin in-orbit satellite and radar. Then, based on the developed image refocusing algorithm, these phase coefficients are extracted from the multiple-station images and substituted into the optimization of target dynamic estimation. In the end, target dynamic parameters, including its instantaneous attitude vector and spin speed, are estimated through particle swarm optimization. Experiment results illustrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm. To some degree, this work also reflects the advantages of multiple-station ISAR system in some space applications.

中文翻译：

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基于多站雷达图像二次相位估计的自旋卫星动力学分析

在轨卫星的动态分析对空间情境应用很有意义。已经提出了一些探索性方法来分析复杂空间情况下姿态稳定卫星的状态，但有效地估计自旋卫星的动态参数仍然是当今一个重要而有趣的挑战。通过将目标自旋估计与其轨迹运动解耦，本文提出了一种利用多站逆合成孔径雷达 (ISAR) 图像的新型动态估计方法。简而言之，二次相位特性在传统算法中通常被认为是 ISAR 图像的负面因素，现在直接利用它来构建自旋在轨卫星和雷达之间的相对运动的显式表达式。然后，基于开发的图像重聚焦算法，从多站图像中提取这些相位系数并代入目标动态估计的优化中。最后，通过粒子群优化估计目标动态参数，包括其瞬时姿态向量和自旋速度。实验结果说明了所提出算法的可行性。这项工作在一定程度上也体现了多站ISAR系统在一些空间应用中的优势。实验结果说明了所提出算法的可行性。这项工作在一定程度上也体现了多站ISAR系统在某些空间应用中的优势。实验结果说明了所提出算法的可行性。这项工作在一定程度上也体现了多站ISAR系统在一些空间应用中的优势。