Background: Ginger oil poses various pharmacological properties corresponding to its terpene composition which depends upon the preparation method along with the sample variety.

Objective: This work aims to explore the variability in the derived oil associated with the hydrodistillation settings i.e. sample freshness/dryness, size reduction process, and heating duration using chemometric approaches.

Methods: The extraction process was evaluated with a two-level full factorial design where the volatile oils were hydrodistillated and characterized by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry. The multivariate dataset ascertained was further explored with principal component analysis.

Results: According to the outcomes from the design, the yield could be quantitatively improved by using fresh sample, with reduced particle thickness and longer extraction cycle. The clastering patterns from principal component analysis revealed the domination of monoterpenes in the extracts from fresh samples; sesquiterpenes in the grated samples; whereas heating duration demonstrated antagonistic effect between monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes.

Conclusion: These findings suggest the importance of experimental conditions in driving the yield and quality of ginger extracts according to the requirement of the industries.

背景：生姜油具有与其萜烯成分相对应的多种药理特性，其取决于制备方法和样品种类。

目的：这项工作旨在探索与加氢蒸馏设置有关的衍生油的可变性，即使用化学计量学方法进行的样品新鲜度/干燥度，尺寸减小过程和加热持续时间。

方法：采用两级全因子设计对萃取过程进行评估，其中挥发油经加氢蒸馏并通过气相色谱-质谱法进行表征。通过主成分分析进一步确定了多元数据集。

结果：根据设计的结果，可以使用新鲜的样品定量地提高产量，同时减小颗粒厚度并延长提取周期。主成分分析的结果表明，新鲜样品提取物中单萜类化合物占主导。磨碎样品中的倍半萜; 而加热持续时间表明单萜和倍半萜之间有拮抗作用。

结论：这些发现表明，根据行业需求，实验条件对于提高生姜提取物的产量和质量至关重要。