This review was conducted to present the main neuroblastoma (NB) clinical characteristics and the most common genetic alterations present in these pediatric tumors, highlighting their impact in tumor cell aggressiveness behavior, including metastatic development and treatment resistance, and patients’ prognosis. The distinct three NB cell lineage phenotypes, S-type, N-type, and I-type, which are characterized by unique cell surface markers and gene expression patterns, are also reviewed. Finally, an overview of the most used NB cell lines currently available for in vitro studies and their unique cellular and molecular characteristics, which should be taken into account for the selection of the most appropriate model for NB pre-clinical studies, is presented. These valuable models can be complemented by the generation of NB reprogrammed tumor cells or organoids, derived directly from patients’ tumor specimens, in the direction toward personalized medicine.

Impact statement

This review provides an update on the mostly used cell line in vitro models for neuroblastoma (NB), a heterogeneous disease with high metastatic potential and resistance to treatment. The genetic and phenotypic profiles of the most used NB cell lines in the last 10 years are presented, considering the molecular markers that are involved in the distinct NB tumor phenotypes, including distinct core regulatory circuitries and non-coding RNAs. This gathered information can assist in the selection of the most appropriate NB in vitro model, based on the specific goals and objectives of each study.

中文翻译：

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神经母细胞瘤细胞谱系表型和体外模型的概述

进行了这项综述，以介绍这些儿童肿瘤中主要的神经母细胞瘤（NB）临床特征和最常见的遗传改变，突出了它们对肿瘤细胞侵袭性行为的影响，包括转移性发展和治疗耐药性以及患者的预后。还审查了以独特的细胞表面标记和基因表达模式为特征的三种不同的NB细胞谱系表型，即S型，N型和I型。最后，概述了目前可用于体外的最常用的NB细胞系介绍了研究及其独特的细胞和分子特征，在选择NB临床前研究的最合适模型时应予以考虑。这些有价值的模型可以通过直接从患者的肿瘤样本中获得的NB重新编程的肿瘤细胞或类器官的生成来补充，朝着个性化医学的方向发展。

影响陈述

这项审查提供了神经母细胞瘤（NB），一种具有高转移潜力和治疗抗性的异质性疾病，最常用的细胞系体外模型的更新。考虑到涉及不同的NB肿瘤表型的分子标记，包括不同的核心调控电路和非编码RNA，介绍了最近十年来最常用的NB细胞系的遗传和表型概况。这些收集的信息可以根据每个研究的特定目的和目标，帮助选择最合适的NB体外模型。