Aim of the Study. The present study aimed to establish a metabolic profile and to investigate the changes of endogenous metabolites in diabetic mice treated with LWDHW. We further investigated the metabolic mechanism of action for the hypoglycemic activity of LWDHW and its possible role in reducing the risk of renal failure in type 2 diabetic mice. Materials and Methods. MKR mice were used for the development of diabetes with high-fat diet feeding. These mice were further injected with streptozocin (STZ) to aggravate kidney failure. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR values) were determined to validate the successful establishment of diabetic models with desired kidney dysfunction. Metabolomics approach coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and random forest (RF) algorithm was proposed to discover the metabolic differences among model group and control group as well as to examine the therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine, Liu-Wei-Di-Huang-Wan (LWDHW), in diabetes and associated kidney failure. Results. Some metabolites such as 3-hydroxybutyric acid, citric acid, hexadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid showed significant differences between the control group and model group. Treatment with LWDHW resulted in a significant decrease in FBG and ACR values. These results suggested that LWDHW could have beneficial effects in diabetes-associated renal failure.

中文翻译：

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基于 GC-MS 的代谢组学研究六味地黄丸对 2 型糖尿病小鼠的保护作用。

研究目的。本研究旨在建立代谢谱并研究 LWDHW 治疗的糖尿病小鼠内源性代谢物的变化。我们进一步研究了 LWDHW 降血糖活性的代谢作用机制及其在降低 2 型糖尿病小鼠肾衰竭风险中的可能作用。材料和方法. MKR 小鼠被用于通过高脂饮食喂养来发展糖尿病。这些小鼠进一步注射链脲佐菌素 (STZ) 以加重肾功能衰竭。测定空腹血糖 (FBG) 和尿白蛋白肌酐比 (ACR 值) 以验证成功建立具有所需肾功能障碍的糖尿病模型。提出了代谢组学方法结合气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）和随机森林（RF）算法，以发现模型组和对照组之间的代谢差异，并检验中药的治疗效果。 -Di-Huang-Wan (LWDHW)，治疗糖尿病和相关的肾功能衰竭。结果. 一些代谢产物如3-羟基丁酸、柠檬酸、十六烷酸和十八烷酸在对照组和模型组之间表现出显着差异。LWDHW 治疗导致 FBG 和 ACR 值显着下降。这些结果表明，LWDHW 可能对糖尿病相关的肾功能衰竭产生有益的影响。