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Diversity of Bee Assemblage (Family Apidae) in Natural and Agriculturally Intensified Ecosystems in Uruguay
Environmental Entomology ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-14 , DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaa078
Estela Santos 1 , Gloria Daners 1 , Enrique Morelli 1 , Guillermo A Galván 2
Affiliation  

Abstract Bees (Family Apidae) hold a key role as pollinators in a wide range of angiosperm communities. South America suffered strong modifications during the last decade due to increasing anthropic activities and the expansion of agricultural areas, particularly the boom of soybean. The goal of this research was to know the current diversity of bees in South and Low Littoral regions in Uruguay. Specimens were collected in the seasons 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 on natural meadows, cultivated grasslands, soybean fields, among others flowering communities. Collected specimens were classified following taxonomic keys. Forty-five bee species or taxa were distinguished belonging to the subfamilies Megachilinae (11), Apinae (22), Halictinae (7), Colletinae (2), and Andreninae (3). Most taxa were classified up to genus and 14 to species level. Bee diversity was higher for the South region, with traditional agriculture and rangelands, than that of the Low Littoral region where an increasing agricultural land use took place during the last decade, particularly soybean. In addition, this research aimed to study the presence of native bees and the introduced Apis mellifera (Apinae) in a soybean field at four transects located at 0, 50, 100, and 200 m from the crop border in both seasons. Native bee species were only present at 0 and 50 m, pointing to the relevance of natural edge plant communities for their preservation.This is the first survey on native bee diversity in Uruguay to be regarded as a baseline and the setup of conservation strategies.

中文翻译:

乌拉圭自然和农业集约化生态系统中蜜蜂组合(蜜蜂科)的多样性

摘要蜜蜂(蜜蜂科)在广泛的被子植物群落中作为传粉者发挥着关键作用。由于人类活动的增加和农业面积的扩大,特别是大豆的繁荣,南美洲在过去十年中经历了剧烈的变化。这项研究的目的是了解目前乌拉圭南部和低沿海地区蜜蜂的多样性。标本是在 2015-2016 和 2016-2017 季节在天然草地、耕地草地、大豆田等开花群落中采集的。收集的标本按照分类学关键字进行分类。四十五个蜜蜂物种或分类群被区分为属于 Megachilinae (11)、Apinae (22)、Halictinae (7)、Colletinae (2) 和 Andreninae (3) 亚科。大多数分类群被分类到属和14个到种级别。拥有传统农业和牧场的南部地区的蜜蜂多样性高于低沿海地区,该地区在过去十年中农业土地使用量不断增加,尤其是大豆。此外,本研究旨在研究两个季节在距作物边界 0、50、100 和 200 m 的四个断面的大豆田中是否存在本地蜜蜂和引入的蜜蜂(Apinae)。本地蜜蜂物种仅出现在 0 和 50 m 处,表明自然边缘植物群落与其保护的相关性。这是第一次对乌拉圭本地蜜蜂多样性的调查被视为基线和保护策略的设置。与低沿海地区相比,过去 10 年,该地区的农业土地使用量不断增加,尤其是大豆。此外,本研究旨在研究两个季节在距作物边界 0、50、100 和 200 m 的四个断面的大豆田中是否存在本地蜜蜂和引入的蜜蜂(Apinae)。本地蜜蜂物种仅出现在 0 和 50 m 处,表明自然边缘植物群落与其保护的相关性。这是第一次对乌拉圭本地蜜蜂多样性的调查被视为基线和保护策略的设置。与低沿海地区相比,过去 10 年,该地区的农业土地使用量不断增加,尤其是大豆。此外,本研究旨在研究两个季节在距作物边界 0、50、100 和 200 m 的四个断面的大豆田中是否存在本地蜜蜂和引入的蜜蜂(Apinae)。本地蜜蜂物种仅出现在 0 和 50 m 处,表明自然边缘植物群落与其保护的相关性。这是第一次对乌拉圭本地蜜蜂多样性的调查被视为基线和保护策略的设置。两个季节距离作物边界 100 米和 200 米。本地蜜蜂物种仅出现在 0 和 50 m 处,表明自然边缘植物群落与其保护的相关性。这是第一次对乌拉圭本地蜜蜂多样性的调查被视为基线和保护策略的设置。两个季节距离作物边界 100 米和 200 米。本地蜜蜂物种仅出现在 0 和 50 m 处,表明自然边缘植物群落与其保护的相关性。这是第一次对乌拉圭本地蜜蜂多样性的调查被视为基线和保护策略的设置。
更新日期:2020-08-14
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