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Polyphony of domestic dog whines and vocal cues to body size
Current Zoology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-13 , DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoaa042
Olga V Sibiryakova 1 , Ilya A Volodin 1, 2 , Elena V Volodina 2
Affiliation  

In domestic dogs Canis familiaris, vocal traits have been investigated for barks and growls, and the relationship between individual body size and vocal traits investigated for growls, with less corresponding information for whines. In this study, we examined frequency and temporal traits of whines of 20 adult companion dogs (9 males, 11 females), ranging in body weight from 3.5 to 70.0 kg and belonging to 16 breeds. Dog whines (26–71 per individual, 824 in total) were recorded in conditioned begging contexts modeled by dog owners. Whines had three independent fundamental frequencies: the low, the high and the ultra-high that occurred singly as monophonic calls or simultaneously as two-voice biphonic or three-voice polyphonic calls. From the smallest to largest dog, the upper frequency limit varied from 0.24 to 2.13 kHz for the low fundamental frequency, from 2.95 to 10.46 kHz for the high fundamental frequency and from 9.99 to 23.26 kHz for the ultra-high fundamental frequency. Within individuals, the low fundamental frequency was lower in monophonic than in biphonic whines, whereas the high fundamental frequency did not differ between those whine types. All frequency variables of the low, high and ultra-high fundamental frequencies correlated negatively with dog body mass. For duration, no correlation with body mass was found. We discuss potential production mechanisms and sound sources for each fundamental frequency; point to the acoustic similarity between high-frequency dog whines and rodent ultrasonic calls and hypothesize that ultra-high fundamental frequencies function to allow private, “tete-a-tete” communication between members of social groups.

中文翻译:

家养狗的嘶哑和人声的复调与体型

家养犬,对树皮和咆哮的声音特征进行了研究,对咆哮调查了个体体重与声音特征之间的关系,而对呜咽声的相关信息较少。在这项研究中,我们检查了20只成年伴侣狗(9头雄性,11头雌性)的呜呜声的频率和时间特征,体重从3.5到70.0 kg不等,属于16个品种。在由狗主人模仿的条件乞讨环境中,记录了狗的哀鸣声(每人26-71,共824)。呜呜声具有三个独立的基本频率:分别作为单音呼叫或同时作为二声双音或三声复音出现的低,高和超高。从最小的狗到最大的狗,较低的基本频率的上限从0.24到2.13 kHz,从2.95到10。高基本频率为46 kHz,超高基本频率为9.99至23.26 kHz。在个体内部,单音的低基频低于双音的ine声,而这些基音的高基频没有差异。低,高和超高基频的所有频率变量与狗的体重呈负相关。在持续时间内,未发现与体重相关。我们讨论了每个基本频率的潜在生产机制和声源;指出了高频狗呜呜声与啮齿动物超声波发出的声音之间的声学​​相似性,并假设超高基频的作用是允许社会群体成员之间进行私人的“ tete-a-tete”交流。超高基频为26 kHz。在个体内部,单音的低基频低于双音的ine声,而这些基音的高基频没有差异。低,高和超高基频的所有频率变量与狗的体重呈负相关。在持续时间内,未发现与体重相关。我们讨论了每个基本频率的潜在生产机制和声源;指出了高频狗呜呜声与啮齿动物超声波发出的声音之间的声学​​相似性,并假设超高基频的作用是允许社会群体成员之间进行私人的“ tete-a-tete”交流。超高基频为26 kHz。在个体内部,单音的低基频比双音的低,而高音的基频在这两种类型中没有差异。低,高和超高基频的所有频率变量与狗的体重呈负相关。在持续时间内,未发现与体重相关。我们讨论了每个基本频率的潜在生产机制和声源;指出了高频狗呜呜声和啮齿动物超声波发出的声音之间的声学​​相似性,并假设超高基频起到了允许社交团体成员之间进行私人“ tete-a-tete”交流的作用。单音的低基频低于双音的ine声,而这些基音的高基频无差异。低,高和超高基频的所有频率变量与狗的体重呈负相关。在持续时间内,未发现与体重相关。我们讨论了每个基本频率的潜在生产机制和声源;指出了高频狗呜呜声与啮齿动物超声波发出的声音之间的声学​​相似性,并假设超高基频的作用是允许社会群体成员之间进行私人的“ tete-a-tete”交流。单音的低基频低于双音的呜呜声,而这些基音的高基频无差异。低,高和超高基频的所有频率变量与狗的体重呈负相关。在持续时间内,未发现与体重相关。我们讨论了每个基本频率的潜在生产机制和声源;指出了高频狗呜呜声和啮齿动物超声波发出的声音之间的声学​​相似性,并假设超高基频起到了允许社交团体成员之间进行私人“ tete-a-tete”交流的作用。高和超高基频与狗的体重呈负相关。在持续时间内,未发现与体重相关。我们讨论了每个基本频率的潜在生产机制和声源;指出了高频狗呜呜声与啮齿动物超声波发出的声音之间的声学​​相似性,并假设超高基频的作用是允许社会群体成员之间进行私人的“ tete-a-tete”交流。高和超高基频与狗的体重呈负相关。在持续时间内,未发现与体重相关。我们讨论了每个基本频率的潜在生产机制和声源;指出了高频狗呜呜声与啮齿动物超声波发出的声音之间的声学​​相似性,并假设超高基频的作用是允许社会群体成员之间进行私人的“ tete-a-tete”交流。
更新日期:2020-08-14
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