ABSTRACT

This work aimed to upgrade a low-grade sedimentary phosphate ore through attrition scrubbing/desliming and an anionic/cationic reverse flotation technique. The mineralogical and chemical examination showed that the sample contained low-grade apatite minerals (P₂O₅ ~ 22.5%), and the main associated gangue minerals were gypsum and quartz. The effects of both collector and depressant dosage were investigated and optimized in each individual flotation process. The results of attrition scrubbing accompanied by desliming showed that a high content of P₂O₅ (27.97%) with a recovery of 72.1% was obtained in the coarse size fraction (+53 µm), and the majority of quartz and gypsum separated in the fine size fraction (−53 µm). The effect of using a new tall oil collector mixture was investigated during the anionic reverse flotation. Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) was used as a phosphate depressant during anionic and cationic reverse flotation. The flotation results of the deslimed sample demonstrated that cationic reverse flotation was much more desirable in terms of achieving a high grade and recovery of P₂O₅ compared to anionic reverse flotation. Considering the statistical design, a maximum grade of 31.23% P₂O₅ with a recovery of 95.22% was obtained in the non-floated fraction using 950.88 g/t of the collector (amine) and 500 g/t of the STPP.

摘要

这项工作旨在通过磨擦洗涤/脱泥和阴离子/阳离子反浮选技术对低品位沉积磷酸盐矿石进行提质。矿物学和化学检验表明，样品中含有低品位磷灰石矿物（P ₂ O ₅  ~22.5%），伴生脉石矿物主要为石膏和石英。在每个单独的浮选过程中研究和优化捕收剂和抑制剂用量的影响。伴随脱泥的磨擦擦洗结果表明，高含量的 P ₂ O ₅(27.97%) 在粗粒度部分 (+53 µm) 中获得了 72.1% 的回收率，大部分石英和石膏在细粒度部分 (-53 µm) 中分离。在阴离子反浮选过程中研究了使用新型妥尔油捕收剂混合物的效果。三聚磷酸钠 (STPP) 在阴离子和阳离子反浮选过程中用作磷酸盐抑制剂。_{脱泥样品的浮选结果表明，与阴离子反浮选相比，阳离子反浮选在 P 2} O ₅的高品位和回收率方面更理想。考虑统计设计，最高品位为 31.23% P ₂ O ₅ 使用 950.88 g/t 的捕收剂（胺）和 500 g/t 的 STPP 在非浮选馏分中获得 95.22% 的回收率。