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Five-Year Trends in Juvenile Adjudicative Competency Evaluations: One State’s Consideration of Developmental Immaturity, Age, and Psychopathology
Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice Pub Date : 2020-08-13 , DOI: 10.1080/24732850.2020.1804306
Patricia C. McCormick 1 , Benjamin Thomas 1 , Stephanie Van Horn 1 , Rose Manguso 1 , Susan Oehler 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Juvenile adjudicative competency evaluations are on the rise, but basing decisions of competency on developmental factors remains highly debated. Most states do not provide explicit guidelines to address developmental factors within juvenile competency statutes despite substantial evidence demonstrating the impact of age and developmental immaturity on competence-related functional abilities. Examination of 649 archived juvenile competency to proceed evaluations in Colorado (from the years 2014–2018) furthered our understanding of the degree to which factors such as age, psychopathology, and developmental immaturity are considered by evaluators determining juvenile adjudicative competence. Based off of existing literature, we hypothesized that juveniles with neurodevelopmental disorders, intellectual disabilities, a younger age, and a lack of developmental maturity would have higher rates of incompetence. Results demonstrated that evaluators were more likely to opine incompetence in adolescents with an intellectual disability (84.8%) or neurodevelopmental disorder (71.8%). Youth aged 12 and younger were more likely to be opined incompetent (OR = 3.21) and were rated as having a poorer or more guarded prognosis for restoration (OR = 2.01) compared to older adolescents. Furthermore, developmental immaturity was cited most frequently in this younger age group. The identification of salient factors considered by evaluators may inform policy, practice, and adolescent-based competency restoration efforts.



中文翻译:

少年司法能力评估的五年趋势:一个州对发育不成熟,年龄和精神病理的考虑

摘要

青少年审判能力评估正在上升,但是基于发展因素的能力决定仍存在争议。尽管有大量证据表明年龄和发育不成熟对与能力有关的功能能力的影响,但大多数州仍未提供明确的指南来解决青少年能力法规中的发展因素。对649项归档的青少年能力进行检查以在科罗拉多州进行评估(从2014年至2018年),这进一步加深了我们对评估者确定青少年裁决能力对年龄,心理病理学和发育不成熟等因素的重视程度。根据现有文献,我们假设患有神经发育障碍,智障,年龄较小,缺乏发展成熟度将导致更高的无能率。结果表明,评估者更有可能在智障(84.8%)或神经发育障碍(71.8%)的青少年中表现出无能力。12岁及以下的年轻人更有可能被认为无能(OR  = 3.21),并且与老年青少年相比,其恢复的预后较差(或 = 2.01)。此外,在这个较年轻的年龄组中,发育不成熟的频率最高。评估人员考虑的突出因素的识别可以为政策,实践和基于青少年的能力恢复工作提供信息。

更新日期:2020-08-13
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