Lactobacilli are dominant members of the “healthy” female urogenital microbiota. One of these species, Lactobacillus jensenii, is routinely identified in the urinary microbiota of women both with and without urinary tract symptoms. In March 2020, the new bacterial species Lactobacillus mulieris was introduced, and phylogenetic and average nucleotide identity analysis identified eight L. jensenii strains that should be classified as members of the L. mulieris species. This prompted our phylogenomic study of all publicly available L. jensenii and L. mulieris genome sequences. While there is little variation in the 16S rRNA gene sequences, the core genome shows a clear distinction between genomes of the two species. We find eight additional strains of the species L. mulieris among these genomes. Furthermore, one strain, currently classified as L. mulieris UMB7784, is distinct from both L. jensenii and L. mulieris strains. As part of our comparative genomic study, we also investigated the genetic content that distinguishes these two species. Unique to the L. jensenii genomes are several genes related to catabolism of disaccharides. In contrast, L. mulieris genomes encode several cell surface and secreted proteins that are not found within the L. jensenii genomes. These L. jensenii-specific and L. mulieris-specific loci provide insight into phenotypic differences of these two species.

中文翻译：

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Lactobacillus jensenii 和新定义的 Lactobacillus mulieris 物种的比较基因组研究确定了物种特异性功能。

乳酸杆菌是“健康”女性泌尿生殖系统微生物群的主要成员。这些物种之一，詹氏乳杆菌，在有和没有尿路症状的女性的尿液微生物群中经常被发现。2020年三月，新菌种乳杆菌mulieris介绍，和系统发育和平均核苷酸身份分析确定了八个氏乳杆菌应被归类为成员的菌株L. mulieris种。这促使我们对所有公开可用的L. jensenii和L. mulieris 进行系统发育研究基因组序列。虽然 16S rRNA 基因序列几乎没有变异，但核心基因组显示了两个物种基因组之间的明显区别。我们在这些基因组中发现了八个额外的L. mulieris物种。此外，目前分类为L. mulieris UMB7784 的一种菌株与L. jensenii和L. mulieris菌株不同。作为我们比较基因组研究的一部分，我们还调查了区分这两个物种的遗传内容。詹氏乳杆菌基因组的独特之处在于几个与二糖分解代谢相关的基因。相比之下，L. mulieris基因组编码几种在詹氏乳杆菌基因组中未发现的细胞表面和分泌蛋白。这些简氏乳杆菌特异性和L. mulieris特异性位点提供深入了解这两个品种的表型差异。