MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non‐coding RNAs that control the expression of genes by targeting specific mRNAs. Data related to miRNAs are limited for fish species, with only 16 out of the 30 000 fish species enlisted in miRBase. In the present review, we have summarized the recent findings on the implication of miRNAs in the teleost reproduction with an emphasis on commercially important candidates. The information related to various miRNAs and their roles during different developmental stages of gonads in nine important species has been compiled. We have focused on the trend of sexual dimorphism in the gonadal miRNA repertoire of teleost species. Species‐specific variability is observed in the expression pattern of gonadal miRNAs in both male and female fish. It is noteworthy that our summarization of teleost miRNAs in reproduction has highlighted the gaps in functional information on the identified miRNAs (both conserved and novel). It is only after functional validation of the miRNA targets, one can use these findings to enhance reproductive health and production of the commercial teleost species to boost overall aquaculture sector.

中文翻译：

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性偏见的miRNA在硬骨动物中的作用-综述

MicroRNA（miRNA）是小的非编码RNA，可通过靶向特定mRNA来控制基因的表达。有关miRNA的数据仅限于鱼类，在miRBase中列出的30 000种鱼类中只有16种。在当前的审查中，我们总结了最近的发现有关硬骨鱼繁殖中的miRNA的含义，重点是商业上重要的候选对象。已经汇编了与九个重要物种中性腺不同发育阶段的各种miRNA及其作用有关的信息。我们已经关注硬骨鱼种的性腺miRNA库中的性二态性趋势。在雄性和雌性鱼类的性腺miRNA的表达模式中观察到物种特异性的变异性。值得注意的是，我们对硬骨鱼miRNA在繁殖中的总结突出了已鉴定的miRNA（保守和新颖）的功能信息方面的差距。只有在对miRNA靶标进行功能验证后，才能利用这些发现来增强生殖健康和商业硬骨鱼种的生产，从而促进整个水产养殖业。