Research on zebrafish as a model system began a few decades ago, and later, studies on zebrafish developmental biology and genetics resulted in the characterization of a large number of genes involved in vertebrate development and cell signalling pathways, thus establishing zebrafish as a relevant human disease model for research. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the first leading cause of death and are expected to rise over 23.6 million by 2030. Environmental toxicants such as drugs, alcohols and chemicals can activate/disrupt number of signalling pathways, led to the cardiovascular toxicity and perturb the development of myocardium, cardiomyocytes, cardiac valve formation and cardiac trabecular growth. Based on the total publication output, USA's contribution to cardiovascular research using zebrafish as a model organism was immense compared to that of other countries. Harvard University contributed comprehensive research on CVD using zebrafish model with a cumulative occurrence of keywords like zebrafish, angiogenesis, cardiovascular disease, pollutants and developmental process. Many pathways are redundant, and the activation of certain targets implicated in cardiovascular disease development is by inhibiting one particular pathway leading to activation of alternative signalling pathways. Targeting highly specific pathways by single compounds inhibiting only one protein generally leads to resistance to this therapeutic agent. It is understood from the publications and citations, that the use of zebrafish as a cardiovascular disease (CVD) model has been gradually expanded from 2000 to 2019, likely due to the recapitulated pathophysiology of the human heart.

中文翻译：

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使用斑马鱼模型及其全球趋势在心血管研究中长达数十年的信号通路参与

斑马鱼作为模型系统的研究始于几十年前，后来，对斑马鱼发育生物学和遗传学的研究导致表征了许多与脊椎动物发育和细胞信号通路有关的基因，从而使斑马鱼成为一种相关的人类疾病。研究模型。心血管疾病（CVD）是第一大死亡原因，预计到2030年将超过2360万。药物，酒精和化学药品等环境有毒物质可能激活/破坏许多信号传导途径，导致心血管毒性并扰乱发展心肌，心肌细胞，心脏瓣膜形成和心脏小梁的生长。根据出版物总产量，美国 与其他国家相比，使用斑马鱼作为模型生物对心血管研究的贡献巨大。哈佛大学对使用斑马鱼模型进行的CVD进行了全面研究，其中累积出现了诸如斑马鱼，血管生成，心血管疾病，污染物和发育过程等关键词。许多途径是多余的，涉及心血管疾病发展的某些靶标的激活是通过抑制一种导致替代信号通路激活的特定途径来实现的。通过仅抑制一种蛋白质的单一化合物靶向高特异性途径通常导致对该治疗剂的抗性。从出版物和引用中可以理解，