To evaluate the present sea ice changes in a longer‐term perspective, the knowledge of sea ice variability on preindustrial and geological time scales is essential. For the interpretation of proxy reconstructions it is necessary to understand the recent signals of different sea ice proxies from various regions. We present 260 new sediment surface samples collected in the (sub‐)Arctic Oceans that were analyzed for specific sea ice (IP₂₅) and open‐water phytoplankton biomarkers (brassicasterol, dinosterol, and highly branched isoprenoid [HBI] III). This new biomarker data set was combined with 615 previously published biomarker surface samples into a pan‐Arctic database. The resulting pan‐Arctic biomarker and sea ice index (PIP₂₅) database shows a spatial distribution correlating well with the diverse modern sea ice concentrations. We find correlations of P_BIP₂₅, P_DIP₂₅, and P_IIIIP₂₅ with spring and autumn sea ice concentrations. Similar correlations with modern sea ice concentrations are observed in Baffin Bay. However, the correlations of the PIP₂₅ indices with modern sea ice concentrations differ in Fram Strait from those of the (sub‐)Arctic data set, which is likely caused by region‐specific differences in sea ice variability, nutrient availability, and other environmental conditions. The extended (sea ice) biomarker database strengthens the validity of biomarker sea ice reconstructions in different Arctic regions and shows how different sea ice proxies combined may resolve specific seasonal sea ice conditions.

中文翻译：

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（亚）北极表层沉积物中的生物标志物分布及其对海冰重建的潜力

为了从更长远的角度评估当前的海冰变化，必须掌握工业前和地质时间尺度上的海冰变化性知识。为了解释代理重建，有必要了解来自各个地区的不同海冰代理的最新信号。我们介绍了在（亚）北冰洋收集的260个新的沉积物表面样本，这些样本分析了特定的海冰（IP ₂₅）和开放水域浮游植物生物标志物（巴西卡斯提尔，恐龙甾醇和高度分支的类异戊二烯[HBI] III）。这个新的生物标志物数据集与615个先前发布的生物标志物表面样本合并成一个泛北极数据库。最终的泛北极生物标志物和海冰指数（PIP ₂₅）数据库显示了与各种现代海冰浓度高度相关的空间分布。我们发现P _B IP ₂₅，P _D IP ₂₅和P _III IP ₂₅与春季和秋季海冰浓度之间的相关性。在巴芬湾观察到与现代海冰浓度相似的相关性。但是，PIP ₂₅的相关性在Fram海峡，具有现代海冰浓度的指数与（亚）北极数据集的指数不同，这很可能是由于海冰变异性，养分可利用性和其他环境条件的特​​定区域差异引起的。扩展的（海冰）生物标志物数据库增强了北极地区不同生物标志物海冰重建的有效性，并显示了不同海冰代理的组合如何解决特定的季节性海冰状况。