In this research, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC–ESI–Q‐TOF–MS/MS) was used for detection and identification of the absorptive constituents and their metabolites in rat plasma, urine and feces following oral administration of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen alcohol extract. After structure elucidation, a total of 12 compounds in rat plasma, comprising seven prototypes and five metabolites, 28 compounds in urine, comprising 17 prototypes and 11 metabolites, and 23 compounds in feces, comrpising 17 prototypes and six metabolites, have been tentatively identified by comparison with standard compounds and reference literature information. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive and systematical metabolic study on the seed. Mostly importantly, we propose that gastric acid could convert jujubosides into an absorbable form of ebelin lactone oligosaccharides, which may be responsible for the low bioavailability and specific bioactivities of these compounds. Additionally, we deduced that the absorption site of ebelin lactone oligosaccharides is located in the stomach, and that the ebelin lactone form of jujubosides may be more suitable for absorption than its hydrolysis product. Our investigation will be helpful to narrow the scope for potentially active ingredients of the seed, and pave the way for determination of the pharmacological mechanism of the seed.

中文翻译：

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通过UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS / MS鉴定刺五加精子体内的吸收性成分及其代谢产物。

在这项研究中，超高效液相色谱结合电喷雾电离四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC–ESI–Q–TOF–MS / MS）用于检测和鉴定大鼠血浆中的吸收性成分及其代谢物口服Ziziphi Spinosae精液酒精提取物后的尿液，尿液和粪便。阐明结构后，已初步鉴定出大鼠血浆中共有12种化合物，包括7种原型和5种代谢物，尿液中28种化合物，包括17种原型和11种代谢物，以及23种粪便中的化合物，其中包括17种原型和6种代谢物。与标准化合物和参考文献信息进行比较。据我们所知，这是首次对种子进行的全面系统的代谢研究。最重要的是 我们提出，胃酸可以将枣核苷转化为可吸收形式的依贝林内酯寡糖，这可能是这些化合物的低生物利用度和特定生物活性的原因。此外，我们推论出依贝林内酯寡糖的吸收位点位于胃中，并且依贝林内酯形式的大枣糖苷可能比其水解产物更适合吸收。我们的研究将有助于缩小种子潜在活性成分的范围，并为确定种子的药理机制铺平道路。我们推断，依贝林内酯寡糖的吸收位点位于胃中，而依贝琳内酯形式的大枣糖苷可能比其水解产物更适合吸收。我们的研究将有助于缩小种子潜在活性成分的范围，并为确定种子的药理机制铺平道路。我们推断，依贝林内酯寡糖的吸收位点位于胃中，而依贝琳内酯形式的大枣糖苷可能比其水解产物更适合吸收。我们的研究将有助于缩小种子潜在活性成分的范围，并为确定种子的药理机制铺平道路。