Population growth and unprecedented economic growth and urbanization, especially in low- and middle-income countries, coupled with extreme weather patterns, the high-environmental footprint of agricultural practices, and disposal-oriented waste management practices, require significant changes in the ways we produce food, feed and fuel, and manage enormous amounts of organic wastes. Farming insects such as the black soldier fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) on diverse organic wastes provides an opportunity for producing nutrient-rich animal feed, fuel, organic fertilizer, and biobased products with concurrent valorization of wastes. Inclusion of BSF larvae/pupae in the diets of poultry, fish, and swine has shown promise as a potential substitute of conventional feed ingredients such as soybean meal and fish meal. Moreover, the bioactive compounds such as antimicrobial peptides, medium chain fatty acids, and chitin and its derivatives present in BSF larvae/pupae, could also add values to the animal diets. However, to realize the full potential of BSF-based biorefining, more research and development efforts are necessary for scaling up the production and processing of BSF biomass using more mechanized and automated systems. More studies are also needed to ensure the safety of the BSF biomass grown on various organic wastes for animal feed (also food) and legalizing the feed application of BSF biomass to wider categories of animals. This critical review presents the current status of the BSF technology, identifies the research gaps, highlights the challenges towards industrial scale production, and provides future perspectives.

人口增长，空前的经济增长和城市化，尤其是在中低收入国家中，再加上极端的天气模式，农业实践的高环境足迹以及面向处置的废物管理实践，要求我们改变生产方式食物，饲料和燃料，并管理大量有机废物。养殖昆虫，例如黑士兵苍蝇（BSF）（Hermetia illucens）对各种有机废物的处理，提供了生产营养丰富的动物饲料，燃料，有机肥料和生物基产品的机会，同时对废物进行了增值。在家禽，鱼类和猪的日粮中添加BSF幼虫/ p已显示出有望替代大豆粉和鱼粉等常规饲料原料的潜力。此外，存在于BSF幼虫/ p中的生物活性化合物（如抗菌肽，中链脂肪酸和几丁质及其衍生物）也可以为动物饮食增值。然而，要充分利用基于BSF的生物精制技术，需要更多的研究和开发工作，以使用更多的机械化和自动化系统扩大BSF生物质的生产和加工规模。还需要进行更多的研究，以确保在用于动物饲料（也包括食物）的各种有机废物上生长的BSF生物质的安全性，并使BSF生物质在饲料中的应用合法化。这篇重要的评论介绍了BSF技术的当前状态，发现了研究差距，突出了向工业规模生产的挑战，并提供了未来的前景。