Nowadays, miniaturized liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry is a leading analytical technique in several modern research areas. Its applications will keep in constant spreading, and new and miniaturized instrumental advances will continue to be necessary for the coming years. In this way, chip-based LC–MS technology is one of the most efficient strategies to i) address the extra column band broadening challenges of the capillary/nanoscale, and ii) provide portability, lower-cost and user-friendly character to the miniaturized LC–MS systems. Several commercial chip-based LC–MS are available, because of the notable developments in the manufacturing of the analytical chips throughout the last decades. Since the emerging of the first instruments based on MEMS LC–MS (microelectromechanical systems), diverse microfabrication technologies have been reported to engrave and model a wide gamma of materials and substrates. Within such a context, many strategies to on-chip fully-integration of the solvent delivering systems, injectors, chromatographic media, mass spectrometry interfaces, ionization sources, and mass analyzers have been explored and its feasibility demonstrated. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the major chip technology developments, their state-of-art, and a consistent survey of the recent literature on it. Finally, a description about the most diverse applications of the fully integrated chip-based LC–MS platforms is summarized. In this case, showing remarkable examples using mono and bidirectional systems to the analysis of macro- and small molecules of biochemical, biological, pharmaceutical, clinical, forensic, environmental, foodstuff and quality control interest.

如今，微型液相色谱（LC）与质谱联用是几种现代研究领域中的领先分析技术。它的应用将不断扩大，并且在未来几年中，仍将需要新的和小型化的仪器开发。通过这种方式，基于芯片的LC-MS技术是最有效的策略之一，它可以：i）解决毛细管/纳米级色谱柱在谱带扩展方面面临的额外挑战，并且ii）为色谱柱提供便携性，低成本和用户友好性小型化的LC-MS系统。由于在过去几十年中分析芯片的制造取得了显着发展，因此可以使用几种基于芯片的商用LC-MS。自从基于MEMS LC–MS（微机电系统）的第一批仪器问世以来，据报道，各种各样的微细加工技术可雕刻和建模各种材料和基材的伽马。在这样的背景下，已经探索了许多将溶剂输送系统，进样器，色谱介质，质谱接口，电离源和质量分析器完全集成在芯片上的策略，并证明了其可行性。在此，我们提供了主要芯片技术发展，其最新技术的全面概述，以及有关其最新文献的一致调查。最后，总结了有关完全集成的基于芯片的LC-MS平台最广泛应用的描述。在这种情况下，展示了使用单向和双向系统分析生化，生物学，药物，临床，法医，医学和医学领域的大分子和小分子的出色示例