Abstract In this study, computational modeling was applied to evaluate medical and occupational exposure, to ionizing radiation, during the Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure of a pregnant woman in the second gestational trimester. The fetal dose evaluation and the construction of a photon fluence map inside the procedure room were also performed. The medical staff and patient were represented by virtual anthropomorphic phantoms. These phantoms were incorporated to the radiation transport code MCNPX (version 2.7.0). The photon beam was projected on the right lateral lower section of the liver of the patient, producing a FOV of 15×15 cm2. The spectral influence was evaluated using tube voltages of 70 kVp and 80 kVp with a total filtration of 5 mmAl. The influence of the suspended shield, lead curtain and fetal shield were evaluated on the Conversion Coefficients for Equivalent Dose (CC[HT]) and Effective Dose (CC[E]) for the medical staff and patient. The removal of the lead curtain and suspended shield was considered the most critical configuration to the medical staff. In this situation, an increase up to 633 % in the CC[HT]eye lens and 900 % in CC[E], for the medical staff, was reached. The CC[E]Patient ranged between 0.13 mSv/Gy.cm2 (70 kVp with all protective devices) and 0.15 mSv/Gy.cm2 (80 kVp without fetal shield) and the values obtained are in agreement with the literature. The CC[HT]fetus oscillated between 2.2E-1 mSv/Gy.cm2 (70 kV with fetal shield) and 2.7E-1 mSv/Gy.cm2 (80 kV without fetal shield). The outcomes of this work are useful in the prior monitoring of the radiation doses and risks, and a reduction on these may be reached for the medical team and patient, which is a complicated arrangement in ERCP procedures.

中文翻译：

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使用蒙特卡罗模拟和虚拟拟人模型评估 ERCP 程序中的胎儿、医疗和职业暴露

摘要 在本研究中，计算模型用于评估妊娠中期孕妇在内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影 (ERCP) 过程中对电离辐射的医疗和职业暴露。还在手术室内进行了胎儿剂量评估和光子注量图的构建。医务人员和病人由虚拟拟人化的幻影代表。这些体模被纳入辐射传输代码 MCNPX（2.7.0 版）。光子束投射在患者肝脏的右侧下部，产生 15×15 cm2 的 FOV。使用 70 kVp 和 80 kVp 的管电压以及 5 mmAl 的总过滤来评估光谱影响。悬浮盾的影响，对医护人员和患者的等效剂量 (CC[HT]) 和有效剂量 (CC[E]) 的转换系数进行了评估。拆除铅幕和悬浮护盾被认为是对医务人员最关键的配置。在这种情况下，医务人员的 CC[HT] 镜片增加了 633%，CC[E] 增加了 900%。CC[E] 患者的范围​​在 0.13 mSv/Gy.cm2（70 kVp，所有保护装置）和 0.15 mSv/Gy.cm2（80 kVp，无胎儿屏蔽）之间，获得的值与文献一致。CC[HT] 胎儿在 2.2E-1 mSv/Gy.cm2（70 kV 有胎儿屏蔽）和 2.7E-1 mSv/Gy.cm2（80 kV 无胎儿屏蔽）之间振荡。这项工作的结果有助于预先监测辐射剂量和风险，