Taking advantages of aqueous electrolytes such as high safety, ease of fabrication, and high ion conductivity, a series of aqueous batteries have been reported, including lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, zinc-ion batteries, aluminum-ion batteries, and novel batteries such as ammonium batteries. They realize energy storage via the repeated (de)intercalation of charge carriers or conversion, which sets strict criteria for choosing proper electrode hosts. Molybdenum-based materials are very competitive candidates for aqueous battery assembly because of their specific layered/tunnel structure and low cost, but their development in this area remains at the infant stage. This review sums up the latest advances on the use of molybdenum-based materials as electrode materials for aqueous batteries. The main strategies for improving their electrochemical properties are summarized, including the introduction of oxygen/sulfur vacancy, interlayer spacing tuning, substrate coating, and electrolyte formulation. The working principles of these methods are compared and discussed in detail. In addition, the main opportunities, achievements, and challenges in this field are briefly commented.

利用含水电解质的优点，例如高安全性，易于制造和高离子电导率，已经报道了一系列含水电池，包括锂离子电池，钠离子电池，锌离子电池，铝离子电池和新型电池，例如铵电池。他们通过电荷载流子的重复（解插）或转换来实现能量存储，这为选择合适的电极主体设定了严格的标准。钼基材料由于其特定的层状/隧道结构和低成本而成为水性电池组件极具竞争力的候选材料，但它们在这一领域的发展仍处于婴儿阶段。这篇综述总结了使用钼基材料作为水性电池电极材料的最新进展。总结了改善其电化学性能的主要策略，包括引入氧/硫空位，调整层间间距，基材涂层和电解质配方。比较并详细讨论了这些方法的工作原理。此外，简要评述了该领域的主要机遇，成就和挑战。