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Carbon cycle variability in tropical Atlantic across two Early Eocene hyperthermals
Geoscience Frontiers ( IF 8.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.gsf.2020.07.014
Shijun Jiang , Ying Cui , Yasu Wang

Early Eocene hyperthermals are geologically short-lived global warming events and represent fundamental perturbations to the global carbon cycle and the Earth’s ecosystem due to massive additions of isotopically light carbon to the ocean-atmosphere system. They serve as ancient analogs for understanding how the oceanic carbonate system and surface-ocean ecosystem would respond to ongoing and future climate change. Here, we present a continuous carbonate record across the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2 or H1, ca. 54.1 ​Ma) and H2 (ca. 54 Ma) events from an expanded section at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1258 in tropical Atlantic. The abundant calcareous nannofossils and moderate carbonate content throughout the studied interval suggest this record was deposited above the calcite compensation depth (CCD), but below the lysocline and under the influence of terrestrial dilution. An Earth system model cGENIE is used to simulate the carbon cycle dynamics across the ETM2 and H2 to offer insights on the mechanism of the rapid warming and subsequent recovery in climate and ecosystem. The model suggests moderate changes in ocean pH (0.1–0.2 unit) for the two scenarios, biogenic methane from a rechargeable methane capacitor and organic matter oxidation from thawing of the permafrost. These pH changes are consistent with a recent independent pH estimate across the ETM2 using boron isotopes. The carbon emission flux during the ETM2 is at least an order of magnitude smaller than that during the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) (0.015–0.05 ​Pg ​C yr−1 vs. 0.3–1.7 ​Pg ​C yr−1). The comparable pre- and post-event carbonate contents suggest the lysocline did not over deepen following the ETM2 at this tropical Atlantic site, indicating spatial heterogeneity in the carbonate system due to strong dilution influence from terrestrial weathering and riverine discharge at Site 1258.



中文翻译:

两次始新世高温期间热带大西洋的碳循环变化

早期始新世高温是地质上短暂的全球变暖事件,由于向海洋-大气系统大量添加了同位素轻碳,因此代表了全球碳循环和地球生态系统的基本扰动。它们是古老的类似物,用于了解海洋碳酸盐系统和地表海洋生态系统将如何应对当前和未来的气候变化。在这里,我们从热带大西洋海洋钻探计划站点1258的扩展部分中,提出了始新世最大热2(ETM2或H1,约54.1 Ma)和H2(约54 Ma)事件的连续碳酸盐记录。在整个研究期间,丰富的钙质纳米化石和适度的碳酸盐含量表明该记录沉积在方解石补偿深度(CCD)之上,但在溶菌碱以下并且在地面稀释的影响下。地球系统模型cGENIE用于模拟ETM2和H2上的碳循环动力学,以提供有关快速变暖以及随后的气候和生态系统恢复机制的见解。该模型建议在以下两种情况下海洋pH有适度的变化(0.1至0.2单位):可充电甲烷电容器产生的生物甲烷和多年冻土融化引起的有机物氧化。这些pH变化与最近使用硼同位素在ETM2上进行的独立pH估计一致。ETM2期间的碳排放通量至少比古新世-始新世最大热值(PETM)(0.015-0.05 Pg C yr)小一个数量级。地球系统模型cGENIE用于模拟ETM2和H2上的碳循环动力学,以提供有关快速变暖以及随后的气候和生态系统恢复机制的见解。该模型建议在以下两种情况下海洋pH有适度的变化(0.1至0.2单位):可充电甲烷电容器产生的生物甲烷和多年冻土融化引起的有机物氧化。这些pH变化与最近使用硼同位素在ETM2上进行的独立pH估计一致。ETM2期间的碳排放通量至少比古新世-始新世最大热值(PETM)(0.015-0.05 Pg C yr)小一个数量级。地球系统模型cGENIE用于模拟ETM2和H2上的碳循环动力学,以提供有关快速变暖以及随后的气候和生态系统恢复机制的见解。该模型表明,在两种情况下,海洋pH的适度变化(0.1至0.2个单位),这是可充电甲烷电容器产生的生物甲烷和多年冻土融化引起的有机物氧化。这些pH变化与最近使用硼同位素在ETM2上进行的独立pH估计一致。ETM2期间的碳排放通量至少比古新世-始新世最大热值(PETM)(0.015-0.05 Pg C yr)小一个数量级。1到0.2个单位),这两种情况分别是可充电甲烷电容器产生的生物甲烷和永久冻土融化引起的有机物氧化。这些pH变化与最近使用硼同位素在ETM2上进行的独立pH估计一致。ETM2期间的碳排放通量至少比新世-始新世最大热值(PETM)(0.015-0.05 Pg C yr)小一个数量级。1至0.2个单位),这两种情况分别来自可充电甲烷电容器产生的生物甲烷和多年冻土融化引起的有机物氧化。这些pH变化与最近使用硼同位素在ETM2上进行的独立pH估计一致。ETM2期间的碳排放通量至少比新世-始新世最大热值(PETM)(0.015-0.05 Pg C yr)小一个数量级。–1与0.3–1.7 Pg Cyr –1)。相当的事前和事后碳酸盐含量表明,在ETM2之后,在这个热带大西洋站点,lysocline并没有过度加深,表明由于陆地风化和站点1258的河流排放强烈稀释影响,碳酸盐系统中存在空间异质性。

更新日期:2020-08-14
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