The Northeast region of Brazil includes the states with the highest prevalence for schistosomiasis mansoni (SM). This study aimed to evaluate the spatiotemporal patterns of SM mortality and to analyze this association with social determinants in health. We conducted an ecological time series study (1980–2017), using spatial analysis tools. Time trend analysis was performed by joinpoint regression. Maps representing mortality rates for SM were constructed and Moran Index was calculated to analyze spatial autocorrelation. A total of 13,720 deaths from SM were reported in this period. The states of Pernambuco (PE) (50.62%) and Alagoas (AL) (22.09%) had the highest mortality percentages. The mortality rate decreased from 1.28 to 0.63 along the time. Although most states showed a stable trend, Sergipe (SE) and Bahia (BA) showed increasing trends in the latest years. Additionally, the spatial analysis showed the concentration of municipalities that presented high risk in the coastal region of the states of PE, AL, SE, and BA. Lastly, mortality rates were correlated with social and educational indicators and hospitalizations for diarrhea. Altogether, these results demonstrate that some states showed stable or increasing trends of SM mortality in the last period of the studied time interval.

巴西东北地区包括曼氏血吸虫病（SM）患病率最高的州。这项研究旨在评估SM死亡率的时空模式，并分析这种与健康中社会决定因素的关系。我们使用空间分析工具进行了生态时间序列研究（1980-2017）。通过联接点回归进行时间趋势分析。绘制了代表SM死亡率的地图，并计算了Moran指数以分析空间自相关。在此期间，总共报告了SM死亡13,720人。伯南布哥州（PE）（50.62％）和阿拉戈斯州（AL）（22.09％）的死亡率最高。死亡率随时间从1.28降低到0.63。尽管大多数州都显示出稳定的趋势，近年来，塞尔希培（SE）和巴伊亚（BA）呈上升趋势。此外，空间分析表明，PE，AL，SE和BA州沿海地区的城市集中度高。最后，死亡率与腹泻的社会和教育指标以及住院相关。总而言之，这些结果表明，在所研究的时间间隔的最后阶段，某些州显示出SM死亡率的稳定或上升趋势。