With the growing requirements on environmental protection in drilling fluid additives, the traditional anti-collapsing agents are unable to meet the demand. Therefore, improving the environmental protection performance of anti-collapse agents has drawn great attention from scientists. Organic amines are commonly used as anti-collapse agents due to their good anti-collapse properties. In this paper, alkali diamines have been selected as research objects to evaluated the anti-collapse abilities by immersion tests and linear expansion experiments. The experimental results showed that alkyl diamines demonstrate good anti-collapse abilities. However, with increase in the number of C atoms, the solubility of alkyl diamines decreases, and the inhibition by the potassium dichromate method, dilution and inoculation method, and luminescent bacteria method. The result show that the biodegradability of the alkyl diamine anti-collapse agents increase gradually increase in the number of carbon atoms in the chain, while the solubility and biotoxicity decrease. Therefore, the longer the alkyl diamine carbon chain length, the better the environmental performance of anti-collapse agents. Hence, this research provides a guideline for synthesizing new organic amine anti-collapse agents.

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不同疏水链长度抗塌陷剂的环保性能

随着钻井液添加剂对环保要求的不断提高，传统的防塌剂已不能满足需求。因此，提高防塌剂的环保性能引起了科学家们的极大关注。有机胺由于其良好的抗塌陷特性而通常用作抗塌陷剂。本文以碱二胺为研究对象，通过浸泡试验和线膨胀试验评价其抗塌陷能力。实验结果表明，烷基二胺表现出良好的抗塌陷能力。但随着碳原子数的增加，烷基二胺的溶解度降低，重铬酸钾法、稀释接种法、发光菌法抑制作用。结果表明，随着链中碳原子数的增加，烷基二胺类抗塌陷剂的生物降解性逐渐增加，溶解性和生物毒性逐渐降低。因此，烷基二胺碳链长度越长，抗塌陷剂的环保性能越好。因此，本研究为合成新型有机胺类抗塌陷剂提供了指导。