Abstract

Neutrophils are the most numerous leukocyte population, which is part of the innate immunity system and provides antibacterial protection to the body. The ability of neutrophils to phagocytosis and chemotaxis make it possible to consider them for potential targeted delivery of drugs to the inflammatory foci. Loading of migrating neutrophils with encapsulated medicinal drugs makes it possible to reduce its toxic effect on the carrier cell, as well as to avoid changes in the concentration and bioactivity of the transported substance. In this work, we studied the interaction of synthetic microcapsules (potential “cargo containers”) with human neutrophils, namely, their phagocytic activity, ultrastructural changes, and capability for migration after phagocytosis. The results showed that, during short-term neutrophil cultivation with microcapsules, the cells phagocytized the microcapsules in proportion to their number in the extracellular medium. Neutrophils partially retained viability and migratory activity. However, prolonged cultivation of neutrophils in vitro with microcapsules decreased the neutrophil population and migration ability of the surviving cells, which indicated the cytotoxic effect of microcapsules. The internalization of microcapsules was accompanied by changes in the ultrastructure of neutrophils. Altered nuclear shape, plasma membrane disruption, vacuolization of the cytoplasm, and even complete destruction of individual cells were observed. Thus, neutrophils are potentially suitable for the transfer of encapsulated substances, but the development of targeted delivery systems using neutrophils and synthetic microcapsules requires optimization and further research.

中文翻译：

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合成微胶囊吞噬作用后中性粒细胞的活力，超微结构和迁移活性

摘要

中性粒细胞是数量最多的白细胞群体，是先天免疫系统的一部分，并为人体提供抗菌保护。中性粒细胞具有吞噬作用和趋化作用的能力使人们有可能考虑将其用于潜在的靶向药物向炎症灶的递送。用封装的药物装载正在迁移的嗜中性粒细胞可以降低其对载体细胞的毒性作用，并避免所运输物质的浓度和生物活性发生变化。在这项工作中，我们研究了合成的微胶囊（潜在的“货柜”）与人类嗜中性粒细胞的相互作用，即它们的吞噬活性，超微结构变化以及吞噬作用后的迁移能力。结果表明，在使用微胶囊进行短期中性粒细胞培养期间，细胞会按照其在细胞外培养基中的数量成比例吞噬微囊。中性粒细胞部分保留活力和迁移活性。然而，长时间用微胶囊培养嗜中性粒细胞会降低嗜中性粒细胞的数量和存活细胞的迁移能力，这表明微胶囊具有细胞毒性作用。微胶囊的内在化伴随着嗜中性粒细胞超微结构的变化。观察到核形状改变，质膜破坏，细胞质空泡化，甚至单个细胞完全破坏。因此，嗜中性粒细胞潜在地适合于封装的物质的转移，但是使用嗜中性粒细胞和合成微囊的靶向递送系统的开发需要优化和进一步研究。