Preterm birth is a global health concern and continues to contribute to substantial neonatal morbidity and mortality despite advances in obstetric and neonatal care. The underlying aetiology is multi-factorial and remains incompletely understood. In this review, the complex interplay between the vaginal microbiome in pregnancy and its association with preterm birth is discussed in depth. Advances in the study of bacteriology and an improved understanding of the human microbiome have seen an improved awareness of the vaginal microbiota in both health and in disease.

中文翻译：

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妊娠微生物组和早产。

尽管产科和新生儿护理取得了进步，早产是一个全球性的健康问题，并继续导致大量的新生儿发病率和死亡率。潜在的病因是多因素的，目前尚不完全清楚。在这篇综述中，深入讨论了妊娠期阴道微生物组之间复杂的相互作用及其与早产的关系。细菌学研究的进展和对人类微生物群了解的加深，人们对阴道微生物群在健康和疾病方面的认识有所提高。