Recognition of the importance of nonmotor dysfunction as a component of Parkinson’s disease has exploded over the past three decades. Autonomic dysfunction is a frequent and particularly important nonmotor feature because of the broad clinical spectrum it covers. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urinary, sexual, and thermoregulatory abnormalities all can appear in the setting of Parkinson’s disease. Cardiovascular dysfunction is characterized most prominently by orthostatic hypotension. Gastrointestinal dysfunction can involve virtually all levels of the gastrointestinal tract. Urinary dysfunction can entail either too frequent voiding or difficulty voiding. Sexual dysfunction is frequent and frustrating for both patient and partner. Alterations in sweating and body temperature are not widely recognized but often are present. Autonomic dysfunction can significantly and deleteriously impact quality of life for individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Because effective treatment for many aspects of autonomic dysfunction is available, it is vitally important that assessment of autonomic dysfunction be a regular component of the neurologic history and exam and that appropriate treatment be initiated and maintained.

在过去的三十年中，人们逐渐认识到非运动功能障碍是帕金森氏病的重要组成部分。自主神经功能障碍是一种常见且特别重要的非运动功能，因为它涵盖了广泛的临床领域。帕金森氏病可能会导致心血管，胃肠道，泌尿，性和体温调节异常。心血管功能障碍的特征是体位性低血压。胃肠功能障碍实际上可涉及胃肠道的所有水平。泌尿功能障碍可能导致排尿太频繁或排尿困难。性功能障碍对于患者和伴侣来说都很常见并且令人沮丧。出汗和体温的变化尚未得到广泛认可，但经常存在。自主神经功能障碍会严重影响帕金森氏病患者的生活质量。由于可以对神经系统疾病的许多方面进行有效治疗，因此至关重要的是，对神经系统病史和检查的常规组成部分是对神经系统疾病的定期评估，并开始和维持适当的治疗方法。