Abstract

One of the most essential methods for preserving water resources is water reuse. The present study has been aimed at adjusting a gray water treatment system with high purification efficiency, low cost, easy maintenance, and high availability in every environment. To this goal, a new simple hybrid model for gray water treatment was made. In this model after conducting the settlement and aeration processes, seven different combinations of polypropylene activated carbon and anthracite filters beside resins were utilized for removing the contaminants in single and combined forms with three repetitions, and the results of each step were compared with the available standards. The different flow rates of 5, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.1 l/min were passed through the selected system to assess their effects on the reduction efficiencies of the pollutants in the system. The instantaneous ozonation method was used at the ozone concentrations of 1, 2.5, and 5 g/h. The results suggested the weakness of each filter alone for reducing the pollutants. After investigating the seven combinations, the combined filter of “polypropylene + resin + activated carbon” was recognized as the best filter for nondrinking purposes. The pH accounted for the lowest change of 10%, and chlorine and BOD₅ accounted for the highest omissions of 90% and 80%, respectively. The system displayed the best performance at the flow intensity of 0.25 l/min or 15 l/h. The minimum rate of ozone production 1 g/h was able to remove all the coliform within any periods. This treated gray water is suitable for nondrinking uses such as irrigation and washing places.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

---

开发用于灰水处理的完整，直接的混合模型

摘要

保护水资源最重要的方法之一是中水回用。本研究的目的在于调节灰水处理系统，该系统具有高净化效率，低成本，易于维护以及在每种环境下都具有高可用性的特点。为了这个目标，制造了一种用于灰水处理的新的简单混合模型。在该模型中，经过沉降和曝气过程后，使用七种不同的聚丙烯活性炭和无烟煤过滤器组合物以及树脂，通过三个重复步骤以单一和组合形式去除污染物，并将每个步骤的结果与现有标准进行比较。 。5、2、1、0.5、0.25和0的不同流速。以1 l / min的速度通过所选系统，以评估它们对系统中污染物减少效率的影响。瞬时臭氧化方法使用的臭氧浓度为1、2.5和5 g / h。结果表明单独使用每个过滤器都无法减少污染物。在研究了这7种组合之后，“聚丙烯+树脂+活性炭”的组合过滤器被公认为是非饮用目的的最佳过滤器。pH值变化最小，为10％，氯和BOD “聚丙烯+树脂+活性炭”的组合过滤器被公认为用于非饮用目的的最佳过滤器。pH值变化最小，为10％，氯和BOD “聚丙烯+树脂+活性炭”的组合过滤器被公认为用于非饮用目的的最佳过滤器。pH值变化最小，为10％，氯和BOD_5个分别占最高遗漏率的90％和80％。该系统在0.25 l / min或15 l / h的流量下显示出最佳性能。最小的臭氧产生速率1 g / h能够在任何时期内去除所有大肠菌。这种经过处理的灰水适用于非饮用水用途，例如灌溉和洗涤场所。

图形摘要