The Spider Exposure Pathway and the Potential Risk to Arachnivorous Birds.,Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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The Spider Exposure Pathway and the Potential Risk to Arachnivorous Birds.
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-13 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.4848
Gale B Beaubien ₁ , Connor I Olson _{2,

3} , Andrew C Todd ₂ , Ryan R Otter _{1,

2,

4}

Affiliation

There is growing concern over the health of North American birds, with evidence suggesting substantial population declines. Spiders are prominent dietary items for many bird species and mediate the transfer of contaminants to arachnivorous birds that consume them. Few studies have investigated the potential risk the spider exposure pathway poses to these birds because most studies have focused on piscivores. In the present study, we developed new chronic and acute As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, Se, Zn, and MeHg spider‐based avian wildlife values (SBAWVs) for multiple adult and nestling birds (primarily passerines) and then used the newly generated SBAWVs to characterize the risk to birds across 2 study areas: 1) 5 reaches in the southern Appalachian Mountains, an area with substantial mercury deposition but minimal anthropogenic impact, and 2) 4 reaches adjacent to the Emory River, an area impacted by the largest fly coal‐ash spill in US history. We identified MeHg and Cu, Pb, Se, and Zn as contaminants of potential concern (COPC) at the Appalachian Mountain and Emory River study areas, respectively, based on dietary exposure of aquatic contaminants via riparian spiders. The identification of COPC at both study areas due to dietary spider exposure is notable not only because the spider exposure pathway has largely been uninvestigated at these sites but also because the aquatic systems in both areas have been studied extensively. Significant differences in MeHg concentrations were detected among spider taxa and suggest that the selection of spider taxa can impact risk characterization. These results indicate that the spider exposure pathway is important to consider when assessing potential risk, particularly for passerine birds. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2314–2324. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译：

蜘蛛的暴露途径和食肉鸟的潜在风险。

北美鸟类的健康问题日益引起人们的关注，有证据表明，北美鸟类的数量大量减少。蜘蛛是许多鸟类的重要饮食产品，它可以将污染物转移到食用蜘蛛的食肉鸟身上。很少有研究调查蜘蛛暴露途径给这些鸟类带来的潜在风险，因为大多数研究都集中在食肉动物身上。在本研究中，我们为多只成年和雏鸟（主要是雀形目）开发了新的慢性和急性As，Cd，Cu，Pb，Ni，Se，Zn和MeHg蜘蛛基鸟类野生动物价值（SBAWV）。新产生的SBAWV，以表征两个研究区域对鸟类的威胁：1）5个到达了阿巴拉契亚山脉南部，该地区汞沉积量很大，但人为影响最小，2）4到达埃默里河（Emory River）附近，该地区受到美国历史上最大的粉煤灰泄漏影响。根据通过河岸蜘蛛对水生污染物的饮食暴露，我们分别在阿巴拉契亚山脉和埃默里河研究区确定了MeHg和Cu，Pb，Se和Zn为潜在关注污染物（COPC）。在两个研究区域中，由于饮食蜘蛛的暴露，对COPC的识别是值得注意的，这不仅是因为在这些地点未对蜘蛛的暴露途径进行大量研究，而且还因为对这两个地区的水生系统进行了广泛的研究。在蜘蛛类群中检测到MeHg浓度存在显着差异，这表明选择蜘蛛类群可能会影响风险特征。2020年《环境毒理学》； 39：2314–2324。©2020 SETAC

更新日期：2020-08-13

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