Abstract This study investigated the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4-N, and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the effluent from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) using ZnO coated activated carbon (ZnO/AC). Results suggested that the optimal dosage of the ZnO/AC was 0.8 g/L within 240 min of contact time, at which the maximum removal efficiency of COD was approximately 86.8%, while the removal efficiencies of PFOA and PFOS reached 86.5% and 82.1%. In comparison, the removal efficiencies of NH4-N, PFBA, and PFBS were lower, at approximately 47.9%, 44.0%, and 55.4%, respectively. In addition, COD was preferentially adsorbed before PFCs and NH4-N, when the contact time ranged from 0 to 180 min, and the order of PFCs removal showed a positive correlation with C-F chain length. The kinetic study revealed that the removal of COD, NH4-N, and PFCs could be better depicted and predicted by the Lagergren quasi-second order dynamic model with high correlation coefficients, which involved liquid membrane diffusion, intraparticle diffusion, and photocatalytic reactions. The saturated ZnO/AC was finally regenerated using ultrasound for 3 h and retained excellent performance, which proved it could be considered as an effective and alternative technology.

中文翻译：

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使用 ZnO 涂层活性炭去除废水处理厂废水中的 COD、NH4-N 和全氟化合物

摘要本研究调查了使用 ZnO 涂层活性炭 (ZnO/AC) 去除废水处理厂 (WWTP) 废水中的化学需氧量 (COD)、NH4-N 和全氟化合物 (PFC)。结果表明，接触时间240 min内，ZnO/AC的最佳投加量为0.8 g/L，此时COD的最大去除率约为86.8%，而PFOA和PFOS的去除率分别达到86.5%和82.1%。 。相比之下，NH4-N、PFBA 和 PFBS 的去除效率较低，分别约为 47.9%、44.0% 和 55.4%。此外，当接触时间为0～180 min时，COD优先于PFCs和NH4-N被吸附，且PFCs的去除顺序与CF链长呈正相关。动力学研究表明，具有高相关系数的Lagergren准二阶动力学模型可以更好地描述和预测COD、NH4-N和PFCs的去除，该模型涉及液膜扩散、颗粒内扩散和光催化反应。饱和的ZnO/AC最终通过超声波3小时再生并保留了优异的性能，这证明它可以被认为是一种有效的替代技术。