Abstract This work reports on efforts to develop an integrated continuous forward osmosis system for the recovery of water from wastewater streams, highlighting critical process parameters to minimize energy consumption. Forward osmosis experiments were performed using NaCl draw solutions of various concentrations and the intrinsic membrane parameters (water permeability, draw solution permeability, and structural parameter) were then determined via nonlinear regression using MATLAB. The experimental data was then used to validate a theoretical water flux model, which was subsequently applied to simulate the forward osmosis performance under different hydrodynamic conditions using both NaCl and TMA-CO2-H2O (TMA: trimethylamine) draw solutions. Analysis of the energy efficiency of the TMA-CO2 draw solution regeneration stage revealed that the draw solution flow rate has a significant impact on energy consumption. Also, increasing the feed flow rate was found to slightly enhance the water flux up to 2.5%, while having a negligible impact on the downstream regeneration process energy consumption.

中文翻译：

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通过正向渗透回收工艺水：膜和集成工艺开发

摘要这项工作报告了开发集成连续正向渗透系统以从废水流中回收水的努力，强调了最大限度减少能源消耗的关键工艺参数。使用不同浓度的 NaCl 汲取溶液进行正向渗透实验，然后使用 MATLAB 通过非线性回归确定固有膜参数（水渗透性、汲取溶液渗透性和结构参数）。然后使用实验数据验证理论水通量模型，随后使用 NaCl 和 TMA-CO2-H2O（TMA：三甲胺）汲取溶液模拟不同水动力条件下的正向渗透性能。TMA-CO2 驱动液再生阶段的能源效率分析表明，驱动液流量对能耗有显着影响。此外，发现增加进水流量可将水通量略微提高至 2.5%，同时对下游再生过程能耗的影响可以忽略不计。