The outbreak of COVID-19, the pandemic disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spurred an intense search for treatments by the scientific community. In the absence of a vaccine, the goal is to target the viral life cycle and alleviate the lung-damaging symptoms of infection, which can be life-threatening. There are numerous protein kinases associated with these processes that can be inhibited by FDA-approved drugs, the repurposing of which presents an alluring option as they have been thoroughly vetted for safety and are more readily available for treatment of patients and testing in clinical trials. Here, we characterize more than 30 approved kinase inhibitors in terms of their antiviral potential, due to their measured potency against key kinases required for viral entry, metabolism, or reproduction. We also highlight inhibitors with potential to reverse pulmonary insufficiency because of their anti-inflammatory activity, cytokine suppression, or antifibrotic activity. Certain agents are projected to be dual-purpose drugs in terms of antiviral activity and alleviation of disease symptoms, however drug combination is also an option for inhibitors with optimal pharmacokinetic properties that allow safe and efficacious co-administration with other drugs, such as antiviral agents, IL-6 blocking agents, or other kinase inhibitors.

中文翻译：

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重新利用激酶抑制剂治疗 COVID-19。

由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起的流行病 COVID-19 的爆发激发了科学界对治疗方法的强烈探索。在没有疫苗的情况下，目标是针对病毒生命周期并减轻可能危及生命的感染肺部损伤症状。有许多与这些过程相关的蛋白激酶可以被 FDA 批准的药物抑制，这些药物的再利用提供了一个诱人的选择，因为它们已经过彻底的安全性审查，并且更容易用于治疗患者和在临床试验中进行测试。在这里，我们对 30 多种批准的激酶抑制剂的抗病毒潜力进行了表征，因为它们对病毒进入、代谢所需的关键激酶的效力进行了测量，或繁殖。我们还强调了具有抗炎活性、细胞因子抑制或抗纤维化活性的潜在逆转肺功能不全的抑制剂。某些药物预计在抗病毒活性和缓解疾病症状方面是双重用途的药物，但药物组合也是具有最佳药代动力学特性的抑制剂的一种选择，可与其他药物（如抗病毒药物）安全有效地共同给药、IL-6 阻断剂或其他激酶抑制剂。