Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are non-coding RNAs essential for protein synthesis. tRNAs are heavily decorated with a variety of post-transcriptional modifications (tRNA modifications). Recent methodological advances provide new tools for rapid profiling of tRNA modifications and have led to discoveries of novel modifications and their regulation. Here, we provide an overview of the techniques for investigating tRNA modifications and of the expanding knowledge of their chemistry and regulation.

中文翻译：

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探索 tRNA 修饰的多样性和调控。

转移 RNA (tRNA) 是蛋白质合成所必需的非编码 RNA。tRNA 被大量转录后修饰（tRNA 修饰）修饰。最近的方法学进展为快速分析 tRNA 修饰提供了新工具，并导致了新修饰及其调控的发现。在这里，我们概述了研究 tRNA 修饰的技术以及扩展其化学和调控知识。