Imaging of species in living organisms with high spatiotemporal resolution is essential for understanding biological processes. While functional nucleic acids (FNAs), such as catalytic nucleic acids and aptamers, have emerged as effective sensors for a wide range of molecules, photocaged control of these FNAs has played a key role in translating them into bioimaging agents with high spatiotemporal control. In this review, we summarize methods and results of photocaged FNAs based on photolabile modifications, photoisomerization, and photothermal activation. Future directions, including strategies to improve the performance of these photocaged FNAs, are also described.

中文翻译：

---

用于生物学时空成像的光笼功能核酸。

具有高时空分辨率的活生物体物种成像对于理解生物学过程至关重要。尽管功能性核酸（FNA）（例如催化性核酸和适体）已成为各种分子的有效传感器，但对这些FNA的光笼控制在将它们转化为具有高时空控制性的生物成像剂方面发挥了关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基于光不稳定的修饰，光异构化和光热活化的光笼FNA的方法和结果。还介绍了未来的方向，包括改善这些光笼式FNA性能的策略。