Induction of pluripotency in somatic cells via ectopic expression of defined factors demonstrates the reversibility of developmental programming, thus serves as an ideal model to investigate the underlying principles of cell fate determination, which drives the differentiation of various cell types from an identical genome. Over the last decade, our understanding has grown considerably regarding how somatic reprogramming initiates and be regulated. Recent mechanistic investigations on chromatin architecture regulation and cell heterogeneity significantly contribute to the understanding of somatic reprogramming. Specifically, it is found that chromatin dynamics which are regulated by the orchestration of transcriptional factors and epigenetic regulation, play an important role during somatic reprogramming. Moreover, the widespread application of single-cell technologies reveals latent cell fate transition trajectories during the reprogramming process. Here, we highlighted several mechanistic studies on somatic reprogramming, particularly from epigenetic regulation and cell heterogeneity perspectives, and summarized their contribution to our current understanding of cell fate determination.

中文翻译：

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体细胞重编程的观点：突出表观遗传调控和细胞异质性。

通过定义因子的异位表达诱导体细胞的多能性证明了发育程序的可逆性，因此可作为研究细胞命运决定的基本原理的理想模型，从而推动从相同基因组分化出各种细胞类型。在过去的十年中，我们对体细胞重编程如何启动和调节的理解有了很大的增长。最近对染色质结构调节和细胞异质性的机制研究显着有助于理解体细胞重编程。具体而言，发现受转录因子协调和表观遗传调控的染色质动力学在体细胞重编程过程中发挥重要作用。而且，单细胞技术的广泛应用揭示了重编程过程中潜在的细胞命运转变轨迹。在这里，我们重点介绍了几项关于体细胞重编程的机制研究，特别是从表观遗传调控和细胞异质性的角度，并总结了它们对我们目前对细胞命运决定的理解的贡献。